^ مذكرة الوحدات اللغة الإنجليزية الصف الثانى الثانوى

^ مذكرة الوحدات اللغة الإنجليزية الصف الثانى الثانوى

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مذكرة الوحدات اللغة الإنجليزية الصف الثانى الثانوى

1. Secondary Two2 Contents No Title Page 1 Unit 1 4 - 25 Vocabulary 4 - 5 Language Notes 5 - 8 Communication Skills 9 Exercises on Vocabulary 9 - 11 Grammar 11 - 20 Exercises on Grammar 20 - 23 UnitOne Test 1 23 - 25 2 Unit 2 26 - 42 Vocabulary 26 – 27 Language Notes 27 – 29 Communication Skills 29 - 30 Exercises on Vocabulary 30 – 32 Grammar 33 – 37 Exercises on Grammar 37 - 40 UnitTwo Test 2 40 - 42 3 Unit 3 43 - 56 Vocabulary 43 – 45 Language Notes 45 – 47 Communication Skills 47 Exercises on Vocabulary 47 – 50 Grammar 50 – 52 Exercises on Grammar 52 – 54 UnitThree Test 3 54 - 56 4 Unit 4 57 – 73 Vocabulary 57 – 59 Language Notes 59 – 60 Communication Skills 60 Exercises on Vocabulary 60 - 63 Grammar 64 – 67 UnitFour Exercises on Grammar 67 – 71 Test 4 71 - 73 5 Unit 5 74 – 87 Vocabulary 74 – 75 Language Notes 75 – 77 Communication Skills 77 Exercises on Vocabulary 78 – 80 Grammar 80 – 83 Exercises on Grammar 83 – 85 UnitFive Test 5 85 - 87
2. Secondary Two3 6 Unit 6 88 – 105 Vocabulary 88 – 89 Language Notes 90 – 91 Exercises on Vocabulary 91 – 94 Grammar 94 – 10 Exercises on Grammar 101 – 103 Test 6 103 - 105 Unitsix 7 Unit 7 106 – 119 Vocabulary 106 – 107 Language Notes 107 – 108 Communication Skills 108 Exercises on Vocabulary 109 – 111 Grammar 111 – 114 Exercises on Grammar 114 – 117 UnitSeven Test 7 117 - 119 8 Unit 8 120 – 131 Vocabulary 120 – 121 Language Notes 121 – 123 Exercises on Vocabulary 123 – 125 Grammar 126 – 127 Exercises on Grammar 127 – 129 Test 8 129 - 131 UnitEight 9 Unit 9 132 – 145 Vocabulary 132 – 134 Language Notes 134 – 135 Communication Skills 135 Exercises on Vocabulary 136 – 138 Grammar 139 – 140 Exercises on Grammar 140 – 142 UnitNine Test 9 143 - 145
3. Secondary Two4 Unit 1 - The World Of Work accountant ‫محاسب‬ encourage ‫يشجع‬ organisation ‫منظمة‬ across ‫عبر‬ encouragement ‫تشجيع‬ organise ‫ينظم‬ adopt ‫يتكيف‬ excited about ‫مثار‬-‫بـ‬ ‫مھتم‬ out of job ‫عاطل‬ air conditioning ‫ھواء‬ ‫تكييف‬ facilities ‫تسھي‬‫ـ‬‫الت‬ professor ‫جامعى‬ ‫أستاذ‬ architect ‫معمارى‬ ‫مھندس‬ fantastic ‫رائع‬ programmer ‫مبرمج‬ autobiography ‫ذاتيه‬ ‫سيره‬ field ‫مجال‬ proud ‫فخور‬ award ‫جائزه‬ ‫يمنح‬ form ‫يكون‬-‫يشكل‬ proud of ‫فخور‬ benefit ‫يستفيد‬-‫فائدة‬ free of charge ‫مجانا‬ qualification ‫تأھيل‬ bold ‫واضح‬ general practitioner ‫ﻋـﺎم‬ ‫ﻣﻣﺎرس‬ qualifications ‫مؤھالت‬ bridge ‫كوبرى‬ graduate ‫يتخرج‬ qualify ‫يتأھل‬ centre ‫مركز‬ grand children ‫أحفاد‬ quite like ‫مثل‬ ‫تماما‬ charity ‫جمعية‬ guesses ‫تخمينات‬ receptionist ‫إستقبال‬ ‫موظف‬ check ‫يفحص‬ heart surgery ‫قلب‬ ‫جراحة‬ research ‫بحث‬ civil engineer ‫مدنى‬ ‫مھندس‬ heart transplant ‫قلب‬ ‫زراعة‬ responsible for ‫عن‬ ‫مسئول‬ collect ‫يجمع‬ human cells ‫بشرية‬ ‫خاليا‬ responsible of ‫من‬ ‫مسئول‬ collection ‫جمع‬ infrastructure ‫تحتيه‬ ‫بنيه‬ retire ‫يتقاعد‬ context ‫الكالم‬ ‫سياق‬ injection ‫حقن‬‫ـ‬‫ة‬ Retirement age ‫سن‬‫التقاعد‬ count ‫يعد‬/‫يحسب‬ institute ‫معھد‬ salesperson ‫بائع‬ deaf ‫أطرش‬ intensely ‫بكثافه‬ set up ‫يؤس‬‫ـ‬‫س‬ deafness ‫طرش‬-‫صمم‬ interview ‫مقابلة‬-‫حوار‬ special ‫خاص‬ delegate ‫ينتدب‬-‫يفوض‬ journalist ‫صحفى‬ Specialist ‫متخصص‬ delegation ‫وفد‬ keep ‫يحفظ‬ surgeon ‫ج‬‫ـ‬‫راح‬ design ‫تصميم‬ ‫يضع‬ keep records ‫بيانات‬ ‫يحفظ‬ surgery room ‫الع‬ ‫حجرة‬‫م‬‫ليات‬ designer ‫مصمم‬ laboratory ‫معمل‬ take note of ‫مالحظات‬ ‫يدون‬ device ‫يبتكر‬-‫يخترع‬ law ‫قانون‬ take place ‫يحدث‬ difference ‫مختلف‬ lawyer ‫محامى‬ techniques ‫تقنيات‬-‫و‬‫سائل‬ direct ‫يوجه‬ leadership ‫قيادة‬ topics ‫موضوعات‬ disability ‫إعاقه‬ main ‫رئيسى‬ train ‫يتدرب‬ discuss ‫يناقش‬ marital status ‫اجتماعية‬ ‫حالة‬ treat ‫يعال‬‫ـج‬ donate ‫يتبرع‬ nursing staff ‫ھيئ‬‫ـ‬‫تمريض‬ ‫ة‬ treatment ‫عالج‬ drum ‫طبل‬ operation ‫عملية‬‫جراحية‬ uniform ‫موحد‬ ‫زى‬ education ‫تعليم‬ organization ‫منظم‬‫ـ‬‫ة‬ Veterinary /vet ‫بيط‬ ‫طبيب‬‫ـ‬‫رى‬ Derivatives Verb Noun Adjective Lead ‫يقود‬ Leader leadership ‫قائد‬ ‫قيادة‬ Leading ‫ھام‬ Operate ‫جراحة‬ ‫يجري‬ Operation operator ‫عملية‬ ‫التليفون‬ ‫عامل‬ Qualify ‫يتأھل‬ Qualifications ‫مؤھالت‬ Qualified ‫مؤھل‬َ Research ‫يقو‬‫م‬‫بأبحاث‬ Research Researcher ‫بحث‬ ‫باحث‬ Retire ‫يتقاعد‬ retirement ‫تقاعد‬ Retired ‫متقاعد‬ Surgery Surgeon ‫جراحة‬ ‫جراح‬ Surgical ‫جراحي‬ delegate ‫يوفد‬ delegation ‫وفد‬
4. Secondary Two5 Important Vocabulary Expressions adapt to ‫علي‬ ‫يتأقلم‬/‫مع‬ ‫يتكيف‬ good at = clever at ‫في‬ ‫ماھر‬ apply for (a job/a visa) ‫لـ‬ ‫بطلب‬ ‫يتقدم‬)‫وظيفة‬/‫تأشيرة‬( good for ‫لـ‬ ‫مفيد‬ apply in person ‫شخصيا‬ ‫بالطلب‬ ‫يتقدم‬ً have experience in ‫في‬ ‫خبرة‬ ‫لديه‬ apply in writing ‫كتابة‬ ‫بالطلب‬ ‫يتقدم‬ً interested in ‫بـ‬ ‫مھتم‬ apply to (a company) ‫بطلب‬ ‫يتقدم‬)‫للشركة‬( look up ‫معلومة‬ ‫عن‬ ‫يبحث‬)‫قاموس‬ ‫أو‬ ‫كتاب‬ ‫في‬( at the age of ‫سن‬ ‫في‬ play a part in ‫في‬ ‫دورا‬ ‫يلعب‬ً at the weekend ‫األسبوع‬ ‫نھاية‬ ‫في‬ play a role in ‫في‬ ‫دورا‬ ‫يلعب‬ً benefit from ‫من‬ ‫يستفيد‬ reason for ‫سبب‬ cause of ‫سبب‬ report on ‫عن‬ ‫تقرير‬ ‫يقدم‬ children with heart problems ‫القلب‬ ‫في‬ ‫مشكالت‬ ‫من‬ ‫يعانون‬ ‫أطفال‬ see off ‫يودع‬ find out ‫يكتشف‬ study at (school) ‫في‬ ‫يدرس‬ from all over the world ‫العالم‬ ‫أنحاء‬ ‫كل‬ ‫من‬ under the leadership of ‫قيادة‬ ‫تحت‬.... Words & antonyms ‫و‬ ‫كلمات‬‫عكسھا‬ continue ‫يستمر‬ stop ‫يتوقف‬ dead ‫ميت‬ alive ‫الحياة‬ ‫قيد‬ ‫علي‬ friendly ‫ودود‬ unfriendly ‫ودود‬ ‫غير‬ important ‫ھام‬ unimportant ‫ھام‬ ‫غير‬ leader ‫قائد‬/‫زعيم‬ follower ‫تابع‬ major ‫رئيسي‬ minor ‫ثانوي‬ married ‫متزوج‬ unmarried/single ‫أعزب‬ modern ‫حديث‬ ancient / historic ‫قديم‬ special ‫خاص‬/‫مميز‬ ordinary / usual / normal ‫عادي‬ Language Notes -‫الجر‬ ‫حرف‬ ‫استخدام‬ ‫الحظ‬(on)‫ف‬‫اآلتية‬ ‫الحاالت‬ ‫ي‬: ‫التليفون‬ ‫علي‬on the telephone‫الراديو‬ ‫في‬on the radio‫التليفزيون‬ ‫في‬on TV ‫معروض‬on display‫معروض‬on show‫االنترنت‬ ‫علي‬On the internet ‫االقدام‬ ‫علي‬ ‫سيرا‬on foot‫عمل‬ ‫مھمة‬ ‫في‬on business‫الخدمة‬ ‫في‬On duty ‫اجازة‬ ‫في‬on holiday‫عامة‬ ‫بصفة‬on the whole‫عمدا‬On purpose on both sides of the street ‫اﻟﺷﺎرع‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻧﺑﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻲ‬‫إلى‬ ‫الطريق‬ ‫في‬On my way to -‫الجر‬ ‫حرف‬ ‫يستخدم‬on )(‫مع‬‫تاريخ‬ ‫و‬ ‫اليوم‬‫اليوم‬‫و‬‫اليوم‬ ‫علي‬ ‫الدالة‬ ‫التعبيرات‬: - on Monday, Friday, Sunday - on April 5th , 2010 - on( holiday, my birthday, …… ) -‫يستخدم‬in )(‫السنين‬ ‫و‬ ‫الشھور‬ ‫مع‬‫و‬‫اليوم‬ ‫فترات‬ ‫بعض‬: - In (May, April, August…/ 2010) - In the ( morning / afternoon / evening ) -‫كما‬‫الجر‬ ‫حرف‬ ‫يستخدم‬at )(‫مع‬‫و‬ ‫الساعة‬‫مثل‬ ‫الزمنية‬ ‫التعبيرات‬ ‫بعض‬: - At ( six o’clock / half past nine / quarter to three ….) - At (noon / night / midday / midnight / the weekend …) decline ‫ينخفض‬/‫انخفاض‬ non-governmental ‫حكـومي‬ ‫غير‬ flourish ‫يزدھـر‬ opponents ‫المعارضـون‬ horizons ‫آفـاق‬ supporters ‫مؤيدون‬ human rights ‫اإلنسان‬ ‫حقوق‬ war victims ‫الحرو‬ ‫ضحايا‬‫ب‬ life insurance ‫الحياة‬ ‫علي‬ ‫التأمين‬ with regard to ‫فيما‬ ‫بـ‬ ‫يتعلق‬
5. Secondary Two6 - Qualify as ‫كـ‬ ‫يتأھل‬)‫الوظيفة‬ ‫بعدھا‬ ‫يأتي‬( -He qualified as a teacher two years ago. - Qualify in ‫في‬ ‫مؤھل‬ ‫علي‬ ‫يحصل‬)‫معين‬ ‫تخصص‬( - He qualified in biology last year. - be qualified to + inf. ‫لكي‬ ‫مؤھل‬ ‫يكون‬. - She is qualified to teach science. -die of (a disease / hunger / thirst...) ‫من‬ ‫يموت‬)‫مرض‬/‫جوع‬/‫عطش‬...( - die from (a wound / an injury ...) ‫من‬ ‫يموت‬)‫جرح‬/‫إصابة‬/‫عنكبوت‬ ‫أو‬ ‫عقرب‬ ‫لدغة‬...( -- historic = (places / events / moments / date / building / speech….etc. ) ‫تاريخيــة‬ ‫أھمية‬ ‫ذو‬ - Tourists usually visit the historic places in Egypt. -- historical ‫التاريخ‬ ‫بدراسة‬ ‫مرتبط‬/‫التاريخ‬ ‫من‬ -historical research ‫أبحاث‬ , /papers ‫دراسات‬ ,/ studies,‫دراسات‬ / plays ‫مسرحيات‬,/ novels -‫فعل‬ ‫استخدام‬ ‫الحظ‬have)(‫المختلفة‬ ‫األزمنة‬ ‫في‬ ‫ويأتي‬ ‫مختلفة‬ ‫بمعاني‬: - have a meeting ‫اﺟﺗﻣﺎع‬ ‫ﻟدﻳﻪ‬ - have a bath ‫دﺷﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺄﺧذ‬ - have a shower ‫دﺷﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺄﺧذ‬ - have an exam ‫اﻣﺗﺣﺎن‬ ‫ﻟدﻳﻪ‬ - have a meal ‫وﺟﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺗﻧﺎوﻝ‬ - have a party ‫ﺣﻔﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﻳم‬ --Help……..to + inf. - He helped me to do the job. -help …+ inf. - He helped me do the job. -help…… with + n. - He helped me with the job. - arrive (‫مفعول‬ ‫)بدون‬ ‫يصل‬ - Your father arrived an hour ago. - arrive in (Cairo/ Italy/ Makah....) ‫كبيرة‬ ‫مدينة‬ ‫إلي‬ ‫يصل‬/‫عاصمة‬/‫دولة‬ - We arrived in London at nine o'clock. - arrive at (school / the station/ the airport/ the cinema ...…) - reach + ‫مفعول‬ ‫جر‬ ‫حرف‬ ‫معھا‬ ‫يستخدم‬ ‫ال‬ - We reached London at nine o'clock. - reach (a goal ‫ھدف‬ ‫يحقق‬ / a decision ‫يصل‬‫لقرار‬ / a conclusion )‫لنتيجة‬ ‫يتوصل‬ -‫كلمة‬ ‫استخدام‬ ‫الحظ‬(project ): - Do a (science / historical..) project ‫معين‬ ‫موضوع‬ ‫في‬ ‫دراسة‬ ‫أو‬ ‫بحث‬ ‫بإعداد‬ ‫يقوم‬ - Carry out a project ‫مشروع‬ ‫ينفذ‬)‫اقتصادي‬/‫خدمي‬( - Do / carry out / perform an operation ‫يقوم‬‫بإجراء‬‫عملية‬‫جراحية‬ - The doctor did ( carried out / performed ) an operation on grandpa. - Have an operation ‫جراحية‬ ‫عملية‬ ‫له‬ ‫تجري‬ - Grandpa had an operation yesterday. - learn to+ inf. - He learned to use a computer. - learn how to+ inf. - He learned how to use a computer. - fill in=complete an application or a form ‫استمارة‬ ‫أو‬ ‫طلب‬ ‫بملء‬ ‫يقوم‬ - I filled in my form and handed it to the secretary. -‫الحظ‬‫اآلتية‬ ‫التراكيب‬: - The reason I ( like / enjoy/ prefer / take....…) + is that .....… - The reason I like this restaurant is that they serve delicious food. - The reason I (don’t like/ enjoy / eat...) +is that... - The reason I don't enjoy the trip is that the weather is hot. -The best / worst thing about .....… is .....… ‫أفضل‬/‫أسوأ‬‫في‬ ‫شيء‬...‫أن‬ ‫ھو‬ - The best thing about living here is the fine weather. -The main reason is that.. ‫أن‬ ‫ھو‬ ‫الرئيسي‬ ‫السبب‬- - The main reason is that I don't have enough money. - I enjoy / love + V+ing ........… - I enjoy travelling because I meet different people. - Decide to + inf. ‫يختار‬/‫يحدد‬ = make up (his) mind to + inf. - I decided to eat fish . = - I made up my mind to eat fish. - Decide on+ n. / G. = choose : ‫يختار‬ - My parents decided on a name for my baby sister. - Decide that + ‫جملة‬ - The doctor decided that I must stay in bed. -‫الفعل‬ ‫استخدام‬ ‫الحظ‬)( fall‫بمعني‬)( become: ‫ينام‬- fall asleep‫يمرض‬- fall ill‫فاقد‬‫الوعي‬- fall unconscious - Do / carry out research on/into ‫أبحاث‬ ‫بعمل‬ ‫يقوم‬ -I did (carried out) a lot of research on plants. - Scientists carry out research into the causes of global warming. - research + something = do research on ‫علي‬ ‫أبحاث‬ ‫بإجراء‬ ‫يقوم‬ - He researched methods of treating cancer.
6. Secondary Two7 -take notes on ‫ينتبـه‬ -I had to take notes on the teacher's explanation. ‫شرح‬/‫تفسير‬ -make notes of ‫ي‬‫ـ‬‫دون‬ -Can I make notes of your comment, please? - Surgeon ‫جـراح‬ -A famous surgeon carried out the operation. - Physician ‫معالـج‬ ‫طبيـب‬ -A good physician prescribed ‫وصف‬this medicine to her. - graduate from ‫مـن‬ ‫يتخـرج‬ - I graduated from the Faculty of Arts ‫كلية‬‫االداب‬ in - a graduate of ‫خـريـج‬ - I am a graduate of the Faculty of Arts. - graduate with a degree in ‫فـى‬ ‫بشھـادة‬ ‫يتخـرج‬ - I graduated with a degree in English. Salary ‫سـنــوى‬ ‫أو‬ ‫شھــرى‬ ‫مـرتـب‬)‫يعــد‬ ‫إســم‬( - Salaries are generally low in Egypt. Wage ‫أجــرة‬)‫األسبــوع‬ ‫أو‬ ‫اليــوم‬ ‫أو‬ ‫بالسـاعـة‬(‫يعــد‬ ‫إســم‬ -The carpenter's wage is high. Fees ‫أجــر‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫أتعــاب‬)‫محـامـى‬/‫دكتـور‬( .. - Lawyers’ fees are very high. Fare //‫االتوبيس‬/‫الطائرة‬/‫الباخرة‬.... ‫التاكسـى‬ ‫أجــرة‬ -I gave the fare to the driver as soon as I had arrived. Work ( ‫العمـل‬ ‫مكـان‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫عمـل‬)‫اليعـد‬ ‫إسـم‬ -I have a lot of work to do after lunch. - My sister starts work at eight o'clock. Job ( ‫مھنـه‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫وظيفـه‬)‫يعـد‬ ‫إسـم‬ -She has got a job as a secretary. -We did a lot of jobs at school last Monday. Career ‫مھنـه‬/‫ال‬ ‫الحيـاه‬‫مھن‬‫للفـرد‬ ‫يـه‬ - He started his career as a writer five years ago. Profession ( ‫مھنـه‬)‫وتـدريـب‬ ‫مؤھـالت‬ ‫إلى‬ ‫تحتـاج‬ -Football has become a profession, not a hobby. -Occupation ‫الحكومية‬ ‫األستمارات‬ ‫في‬ ‫وتستخدم‬ ‫وظيفة‬ - Please, fill in the form with your name, age and occupation stay with ‫يقي‬‫ــ‬‫م‬ ‫م‬‫ـ‬‫شخ‬ ‫ع‬‫ــ‬‫ص‬ -He stayed with his uncle in Port Said. stay ( at - in ) ‫يقي‬‫ـ‬‫مك‬ ‫فى‬ ‫م‬‫ــ‬‫ان‬ -They will stay at / in a hotel. - For free = free of charge = at no charge ‫مجــانى‬ - Policemen used to travel free of charge ( for free / at no charge) . - contribute to + v. ing / noun ‫يساھم‬‫فى‬ - Everybody should contribute to developing( the development of ) our country. care for= look after ‫يرعي‬/‫يعتني‬‫بـ‬)‫بشخص‬( -Sons and daughter must care for their old parents. Care for = want ‫ير‬‫يد‬ - I care for this car. I want to buy it. care about something ‫يھتم‬ - He doesn't care about his studies. train … in ‫ي‬‫ـ‬‫علي‬ ‫درب‬ - Children should be trained in good manners. train as + ‫وظيفة‬ ‫يت‬‫ـ‬‫درب‬‫كـ‬ - She trained as a cook. train for ‫يت‬‫ـ‬‫لـ‬ ‫درب‬)‫سباق‬‫مثال‬( - He trains hard for the race. good at + v.ing / n. ‫في‬ ‫جيد‬ - He is good at (learning) English. good to ‫مع‬ ‫طيب‬ - She is good to old people. good for ‫مفيد‬/‫لـ‬ ‫صالح‬ -Green vegetables are good for you. - biography‫آخـر‬ ‫شخـص‬ ‫يكتبھـا‬ ‫لشخـص‬ ‫ذاتيـة‬ ‫سيـرة‬ - Famous people have many biographies written about them. - autobiography‫نفسـه‬ ‫الشخـص‬ ‫يكتبھـا‬ ‫لشخـص‬ ‫ذاتيـة‬ ‫سيـرة‬ - He refused to publish his autobiography. - retire ‫للمعـاش‬ ‫يحـال‬)‫يتقـاعـد‬( - When the employee is 60, he retires. - resign ‫العمـل‬ ‫من‬( ) ‫يستقيـل‬ - Hesham resigned his job and travelled abroad. - across( all over / around) the world ‫العالم‬ ‫مستوي‬ ‫علي‬ - Luxor is well known across (all over / around) the world. -apply for ‫وظيفة‬ ‫بطلب‬ ‫يتقدم‬ - I applied for hundreds of jobs . - apply to ‫شركة‬ ‫أو‬ ‫لشخص‬ ‫يتقدم‬ - I'll apply to the manager soon. - apply in writing ‫وظيفة‬ ‫لطلب‬ ‫كتابة‬ ‫يتقدم‬ - Apply in writing, no one will hear you.
7. Secondary Two8 - proud of =take pride in ‫فخوربـ‬... - Her parents are proud of (take pride in ) her. - well known to + ‫شخص‬ ‫لدي‬ ‫معروف‬( ) -Egyptian history is well- known to all people. - well-known for ‫ب‬ ‫مشھور‬ -Ramses is well- known for his temples and statues hard / hardly -The exam was very hard. ‫صعب‬ -Wood is a very hard material . ‫صلب‬ -He is a hard worker. ‫مجد‬/‫مجتھد‬ -You must study hard. ‫حال‬‫ومعناھا‬‫بجد‬ - (hardly) ‫بالكاد‬/‫بصعوبة‬)‫شيء‬ ‫ال‬ ‫تقريبا‬( -I can hardly remember his name. -There is hardly any food in the fridge. - Where do you come from? ‫الجنسية‬ ‫عن‬ ‫للسؤال‬ = What's your nationality? = Which country do you come from? -What do you do? = What's your job? = What do you do for a living? - Where do you live? = What's your address? -What's your date of birth? = When were you born? ‫للسؤال‬‫عن‬‫تاريخ‬‫الميالد‬ - What's your marital status? = Are you single or married? ‫االجتماعية‬ ‫الحالة‬ ‫عن‬ ‫للسؤال‬)‫أو‬ ‫أعزب‬‫متزوج‬( Make Do make a discovery ‫يكتشف‬ do a favour ‫يقدم‬‫خدمة‬‫معروف‬ ‫أو‬ make a fire ‫نارا‬ ‫يشعل‬ do a hobby ‫بھواية‬ ‫يقوم‬ make a choice ‫يختار‬ do (his) hair ‫شعره‬ ‫يصفف‬ make a decision ‫يقرر‬ do a job ‫وظيفة‬ ‫يؤدي‬ make a difference to ‫اختالف‬ ‫يحدث‬/‫فرق‬ do a project ‫بحث‬ ‫بعمل‬ ‫يقوم‬/‫درا‬‫سة‬ make a journey ‫برحلة‬ ‫يقوم‬ do a quiz ‫مسابقة‬ ‫بعمل‬ ‫يقوم‬ make a medicine ‫دواء‬ ‫يصنع‬ do a report on ‫عن‬ ‫تقرير‬ ‫يعد‬ make a mistake ‫يخطئ‬ do an operation ‫جراحية‬ ‫بعملية‬ ‫يقوم‬ make a noise ‫ضوضاء‬ ‫يثير‬ do better ‫يتحسن‬ make a phone call ‫يعمل‬‫مكالمة‬ do business ‫تجارى‬ ‫بعمل‬ ‫يقوم‬ make a plan ‫يخطط‬ do damage ‫يدمر‬ make a promise ‫يوعد‬ do exercise ‫بتدريب‬ ‫يقوم‬ make a question ‫يسأل‬ do good ‫يفيـد‬ُ make a suggestion ‫يقترح‬ do harm ‫يضــر‬ make a trip ‫برحلة‬ ‫يقوم‬ do his best ‫جھده‬ ‫قصارى‬ ‫يبذل‬ make a trouble ‫يس‬‫متاعب‬ ‫بب‬ do homework ‫الواجب‬ ‫يعمل‬ make achievements ‫انجازات‬ ‫يحقق‬ do PhD ‫دكتوراة‬ ‫يعمل‬ make clear ‫يوضح‬ do repairs ‫باصالحات‬ ‫يقوم‬ make contributions ‫بإسھامات‬ ‫يقوم‬ do research ‫علمى‬ ‫ببحث‬ ‫يقوم‬ make friends ‫صداقات‬ ‫يعمل‬ do something/nothing ‫شيء‬ ‫يفعل‬)‫شيء‬ ‫ال‬( make lunch/dinner ‫الغداء‬ ‫يعد‬/‫العشاء‬ do the cleaning ‫بالتنظيف‬ ‫يقوم‬ make money ‫ماال‬ ‫يكسب‬ do the cooking ‫بالطھي‬ ‫يقوم‬ make parts of cars ‫السيارات‬ ‫أجزاء‬ ‫يصنع‬ do the homework ‫المدرسية‬ ‫بواجباته‬ ‫يقوم‬ make peace ‫السالم‬ ‫يحقق‬ do the housework ‫ال‬ ‫باألعمال‬ ‫يقوم‬‫منزلية‬ make sense ‫معني‬ ‫له‬ do the shopping ‫يتسوق‬ make sure ‫يتأكــد‬ do the sweeping ‫بالكنس‬ ‫يقوم‬ make the bed ‫السرير‬ ‫يرتب‬ do the washing up ‫األواني‬ ‫بغسل‬ ‫يقوم‬ make up (his) mind ‫يقرر‬ do without ‫عن‬ ‫يستغني‬ make war ‫حرب‬ ‫يشن‬ do work ‫بعمل‬ ‫يقوم‬ do wrong ‫ي‬‫خطئ‬
8. Secondary Two9 Communication Skills Liking and disliking Asking about opinion Expressing liking Expressing disliking -Do you like.............? -I am fond of‫بـ‬ ‫........مغرم‬ -I don't like. -What do you think about..? - I like it/them. - I dislike........ -What do you think of..? - It is fantastic / great/brilliant -I am not very keen.... -What is your opinion of…? -I am mad about/ crazy about... -I am not fond of....... - Do you have any thing to say about.............? -I am keen on ‫متحم‬‫لـ‬ ‫س‬/‫مي‬‫الي‬ ‫ال‬ .......... -I detest / loathe / despise ‫يكرة‬‫الشيء‬‫بشدة‬ Expressing opinions with reasons I think / believe…because… I think(believe) he will be late because he missed the bus to school. In my opinion / view…as… In my opinion, we should visit him at home as he is ill. If you ask me, …so that…. If you ask me, we should help her so that she can finish the cooking. Exercises Respond to each of the following situation: 1 -A friend wants to know what job you would like to do when you leave school. 2- A friend asks you why you want to be a doctor. 3- A relative wants to know the best thing about your school. 4- You ask a passer-by about the time. where these mini-dialogues take place and who the speakers are: 1- A : I have pain in my stomach. B : Since when. A: Yesterday. B: Let me examine you. 2- A: What are you doing there? B: I’m cooking lunch. A: Be quick, please. I’m too hungry. 3- A: How often should I take this drug, please? B: Twice daily. A: How much is it? B: Thirty five pounds. Choose the correct answer: 1- My sister got ………… before she was accepted for the job. a) a meeting b) a conference c) a visit d) an interview 2- Tourists are always seen in front of famous museums and ………… buildings. a) history b) historian c) historic d) historical 3- The reason …………… his failure in the exam was that he didn't study hard. a) on b) of c) for d) from 4- There's a factory in our town which ……………… parts for cars and buses. a) does b) takes c) works d) makes Place …………………. - Speaker A: ……………………. - Speaker B: ……………………. Place …………………. - Speaker A: ……………………. - Speaker B: ……………………. Place …………………. - Speaker A: ……………………. - Speaker B: …………………….
9. Secondary Two10 5- A company sends a ……… when it needs people to speak for it at a meeting. a) group b) delegation c) car d) worker 6- Although he retired as a surgeon, he continued to ……….. new treatments. a) research b) search c) look d) see 7- Everyone ……………… mistakes when they're learning something new. a) does b) takes c) works d) makes 8- The ………… status of a person shows whether he / she is married. a) social b) financial c) marital d) mental 9- Graduates who apply ………… the job must be fluent in English. a) on b) about c) for d) with 10- When the employee reaches the age of 60, he / she ……………….. . a) recycles b) retired c) starves d) survives 11- He studied medicine at Cairo university and ……………… as a doctor. a) applied b) supplied c) qualified d) tried 12- My sister who works for a charitable organization believes that her work ……………… a difference in people's lives. a) takes b) works c) has d) makes 13- Ahmed worked ………………… his project all day. a) out b) against c) up d) on 14- A …………….. is the person who writes for newspapers and magazines. a) news reporter b) surgeon c) receptionist d) lawyer 15- We can benefit …………… old newspapers by recycling. a) from b) by c) of d) with 16- Our ……………… are the children of our children. a) parents b) ancestors c) grandparents d) grandchildren 17- He became interested ……………… computers at school. a) at b) on c) by d) in 18- She is a news reporter. She enjoys ……………… different people. a) meet b) meeting c) to meet d) with meeting 19- It's been more than 20 years since surgeons …………… the first heart transplant operation in Britain. a) made b) worked c) took d) did 20- He works ………………… a company that writes computer programs. a) for b) on c) at d) out 21- He had to move every few years, so he learnt to ……………… to different situations. a) adopt b) adapt c) apply d) use 22- He decided to be a heart surgeon when his aunt died ……… a heart problem. a) by b) from c) with d) of 23- We can install ……………… in a modern building if it is too hot. a) air conditioning b) heater c) lights d) parts 24- A trade ……………… from Europe arrived in Egypt two weeks ago. a) team b) band c) delegation d) gang 25- He hasn't filled in the ……………….. form for his passport yet. a) application b) complication c) completion d) appliance 26- If you ………………. me, people should go on a training course before they become parents. a) say b) tell c) talk d) ask 27- They are ………….. some fascinating research on the language of dolphins. a) carrying b) doing c) making d) working 28- What is the normal …………………. age for people in Egypt? a) retirement b) retreat c) retiring d) retired 29- I want to travel because I enjoy ……………….. new places. a) see b) saw c) seen d) seeing 30- Professor Magdi Yacoub did a lot of heart ………………… operations. a) transport b) transplant c) transfusion d) transfer 31- Surgeons do ………………… on people in hospitals. a) applications b) operations c) research d) business 32- A ……………… is a doctor who does operations in a hospital.
10. Secondary Two11 a) surgeon b) receptionist c) reporter d) teacher 33- He was highly qualified. ………… this reason, he was accepted for the job. a) At b) With c) For d) To 34- He ………………… a lot of important work in his life. a) made b) did c) took d) worked 35- Professor Magdi Yacoub ……………… many heart transplant operations. a) make b) do c) take d) work 36- Professor Magdi Yacoub was part of a team which ………… new heart parts from human cells. a) make b) do c) take d) work 37- A surgeon is a person who……………… operations. a) makes b) carries c) performs d) works 38- I like ……………… as a hotel receptionist because every day is different. a) work b) to work c) worked d) working Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctly: 1. Dr. Magdy Yacoub made many heart transplant operations. 2. Egypt sent a trade allegation to the conference. 3. He does a lot of mistakes in mathematics. 4. He doesn't know what job he would like to make. 5. He enjoys helping his brothers and sisters to make their homework. 6. He had a kidney transport last year. 7. He had the qualifications and experience to make great things. 8. He saved people's lives by making heart transplants. 9. He traveled in small planes to find health hearts for transplants. 10. I have been working at a new project since February. 11. My brother has a very difficult decision to do next week. 12. On my opinion, computers are magic. 13. Policemen usually wear a platform. 14. She felt ashamed because she did a silly mistake. 15. She helped me doing the job. 16. She is interested on reading newspapers. 17. She worked as a surgeon before she made research on new treatments. 18. The better thing about this job is that it is well paid. 19. The normal requirement age in Egypt is 60. 20. What are people's main reasons of continuing to work when they are older? 21. What do your do? – I'm reading a story. 22. Whatever career he chooses, he wants to do a difference in people's lives. 1 - The present simple tense ‫المضارع‬‫البسيط‬ Form Subj.‫فاعل‬ +inf. ‫المصدر‬ + …………………………….. . - I get up at six o’clock every morning. - They sometimes go for a walk on Fridays. -‫للفعل‬ ‫يضاف‬(s)‫مع‬‫الغائب‬ ‫المفرد‬ ‫الفاعل‬he/ she /it )(: -Kareem (he) likes football very much. -‫للفعل‬ ‫ويضاف‬(es)‫الغائب‬ ‫المفرد‬ ‫الفاعل‬ ‫مع‬he/ she /it )(‫بـ‬ ‫منتھيا‬ ‫المصدر‬ ‫كان‬ ‫اذا‬)(ch-sh-ss-o-x: - Aya (she) watches action films. -‫للفعل‬ ‫ويضاف‬(ies)‫الغائب‬ ‫المفرد‬ ‫الفاعل‬ ‫مع‬he/ she /it )(‫منتھيا‬ ‫المصدر‬ ‫كان‬ ‫اذا‬‫بـ‬)y(‫ساكن‬ ‫بحرف‬ ‫مسبوقا‬‫وي‬‫حرف‬ ‫حذف‬y)(: - Eman (she) studies English for an hour everyday. Negation Subj.‫فاعل‬ +don’t / doesn’t + inf. ‫المصدر‬ + ……… : ‫الغائب‬ ‫المفرد‬ ‫مع‬ doesn’t ‫تستخدم‬ ‫-ألحظ‬ -I don’t get up at six o’clock every morning. - Kareem (he) doesn’t like football very much. - Aya (she) doesn’t watch action films. - Eman (she) doesn’t study English for an hour everyday.
11. Secondary Two12 -‫و‬‫نستخدم‬(never)‫ايضال‬‫لنفي‬: -He doesn't help the poor. = He never helps the poor. -They don't come early. = they never come early. Yes / No Q. Do / Does + Subj.‫فاعل‬ + inf. ‫المصدر‬ + ………… ? - Do you get up at six o’clock every morning? -Yes, I do. – Yes, I get up at six o’clock every morning. - No, I don’t. – No, I don’t get up at six o’clock every morning. - Does Aya (she) watch action films? -Yes, she does. - Yes, she watches action films. -No, she doesn’t. - No, she doesn’t watch action films. -‫المنفي‬ ‫المساعد‬ ‫بالفعل‬ ‫السؤال‬ ‫ألحظ‬ ‫و‬: - Doesn’t Mostafa enjoy playing tennis? - Yes, he doesn’t. – No, he does. ‘ Wh..’ Q. Q.W. ‫استفھام‬ ‫اداة‬+ do / does + Subj.‫فاعل‬ + inf. ‫المصدر‬ + … ? -What do you eat for dessert? -How often does Reham go to the club? : ( who ) ‫بـ‬ ‫السؤال‬ ‫الحظ‬ - -Aya waits for her friends at the school gate. -Who (does) wait for her friends at the school gate? - Who does Aya wait for at the school gate? ‫للتأكيد‬ ‫اال‬ ‫الفاعل‬ ‫عن‬ ‫تسال‬ ‫عندما‬ (who) ‫(بعد‬ do / does )‫استخدام‬ ‫عدم‬ ‫يفضل‬ - . .………….p.p+are/is/am+‫المفعول‬ObjPassive - Farmers grow plants. - Plants are grown by farmers. - Some people don’t eat meat at all. – Meat isn’t eaten at all by some people. ‫اال‬ ‫المساعد‬ ‫الفعل‬ ‫استخدام‬ ‫يتكرر‬ ‫ال‬ ‫آخر‬ ‫علي‬ ‫للمجھول‬ ‫مبني‬ ‫فعل‬ ‫عطف‬ ‫عند‬‫المفعول‬ ‫تكرار‬ ‫حالة‬ ‫في‬: - – They pump water to the surface and heat it to make steam. - Water is pumped to the surface and heated to make steam. Verb to ( have ) with the present simple Form Subj.‫فاعل‬ +have / has + …………………………….. . -‫تستخدم‬(has)‫مع‬‫الغائب‬ ‫المفرد‬ ‫الفاعل‬: -‫تستخدم‬(have / has)‫يمتلك‬ ‫بمعني‬/‫عنده‬/‫لديه‬: - I have a house with a small garden. - Aya has a lot of jewellery. -‫تستخدم‬(have / has)‫يأكل‬ ‫مثل‬ ‫أخري‬ ‫بمعاني‬/‫يري‬.........‫الخ‬: - They have lunch at three o’clock. – Ahmed has bad dreams every night. -‫كانت‬ ‫اذا‬(have / has)‫يمتلك‬ ‫بمعني‬/‫عنده‬/‫التاليتين‬ ‫الطريقتين‬ ‫باحدي‬ ‫النفي‬ ‫يكون‬ ‫لديه‬: 1- Subj.‫فاعل‬ +haven’t / hasn’t + …………………………….. . - I haven’t a house with a small garden. - Aya hasn’t much jewellery. 2- Subj.‫فاعل‬ +don’t / doesn’t + have + …………………………….. . - I don’t have a house with a small garden. - Aya doesn’t have much jewellery. -‫كانت‬ ‫اذا‬(have / has)‫يأكل‬ ‫مثل‬ ‫أخري‬ ‫بمعاني‬/‫يري‬.........‫كالتالي‬ ‫واحدة‬ ‫بطريقة‬ ‫النفي‬ ‫يكون‬ ‫الخ‬: - Subj.‫فاعل‬ +don’t / doesn’t + have + …………………………….. . - They don’t have lunch at three o’clock. – Ahmed doesn’t have bad dreams every night. -‫كانت‬ ‫اذا‬(have / has)‫يمتلك‬ ‫بمعني‬/‫عنده‬/‫بـ‬ ‫السؤال‬ ‫يكون‬ ‫لديه‬"‫ھل‬"‫التاليتين‬ ‫الطريقتين‬ ‫باحدي‬: 1- Have / Has +Subj.‫فاعل‬ + …………………………….. ? - Have you a house with a small garden? - Yes, I have (a house with a small garden.) - No, I haven’t (a house with a small garden.) - Has Aya much jewellery? - Yes, she has (much jewellery). - No, she hasn’t (much jewellery).
12. Secondary Two13 2- Do /Does + Subj.‫ـﺎﻋﻞ‬‫ﻓ‬ + have + …………………………….. . - Do you have a house with a small garden? - Yes, I do. / - No, I don’t. - Does Aya have much jewellery? - Yes, she does. / - No, she doesn’t. -‫كانت‬ ‫اذا‬(have / has)‫يأكل‬ ‫مثل‬ ‫أخري‬ ‫بمعاني‬/‫يري‬.........‫بـ‬ ‫السؤال‬ ‫يكون‬ ‫الخ‬"‫ھل‬"‫كالتالي‬ ‫واحدة‬ ‫بطريقة‬: - Do /Does + Subj.‫ـﺎﻋﻞ‬‫ﻓ‬ + have + …………………………….. . - Do they have lunch at three o’clock? - Yes, they do. / - No, they don’t. - Does Ahmed have bad dreams every night? - Yes, he does. / - No, they doesn’t. -‫للتكرار‬ ‫داعي‬ ‫ال‬ ‫و‬ ‫استفھام‬ ‫باداة‬ ‫السؤال‬ ‫علي‬ ‫الكالم‬ ‫نفس‬ ‫ينطبق‬ ‫و‬ ‫يستخدم‬ ‫ال‬(have / has)‫المع‬ ‫حسب‬ ‫آخر‬ ‫بفعل‬ ‫ويستبدل‬ ‫للمجھول‬ ‫المبني‬ ‫في‬‫ني‬: Have = own – possess – belong to – suffer – eat – buy – spend – take …… - I have a car. - A car is (possessed – owned) by me. - She has lunch at two o’clock. – Lunch is eaten at two o’clock by her. Verb to ( be ) with the present simple Form Subj.‫فاعل‬ +am / is / are + …………………………….. . -‫تستخدم‬(am / is / are)‫بمعني‬ ‫البسيط‬ ‫المضارع‬ ‫في‬ ‫أساسي‬ ‫كفعل‬)‫يوجد‬ ‫أو‬ ‫يكون‬(: - I am eighteen years old. – Ali is at home now. – We are happy to see you here. -‫تستخدم‬(am / is / are)‫للمجھول‬ ‫جملتھا‬ ‫تبني‬ ‫وال‬ ‫السؤال‬ ‫و‬ ‫للنفي‬ Uses of the present simple 1 - to express facts: ‫حقائق‬ ‫عن‬ ‫التعبير‬ -The moon goes round the Earth. 2 - to express habits: ‫ال‬‫عادات‬ ‫عن‬ ‫تعبير‬ -He always comes late. - Subj.‫فاعل‬ + usually……. ………… = It+ is +someone’s habit to + inf… = Subj.‫فاعل‬ + be + in the habit of + v.ing… = Subj.‫فاعل‬ + be + used to + v.ing / n. …….. - Ali usually eats fruit for dessert. ‫الحلو‬‫بعد‬‫االكل‬ = It is Ali’s (his) habit to eats fruit for dessert . = Ali is in the habit of eating fruit for dessert. = Ali is used to eating fruit for dessert. ‫عامة‬ ‫مالحظات‬ -‫يستخدم‬‫البس‬ ‫المضارع‬‫يط‬‫مع‬‫التكرار‬ ‫ظروف‬‫األساسي‬ ‫الفعل‬ ‫قبل‬ ‫وتأتي‬ ‫اآلتية‬‫او‬‫بعد‬verb to be )(‫الجملة‬ ‫نھاية‬ ‫او‬ ‫بداية‬ ‫في‬ ‫تاتي‬ ‫احيانا‬ ‫و‬: -He always comes late. -He is always late. - I sometimes go fishing. = Sometimes, I go fishing. =I go fishing sometimes. -‫بـ‬ ‫تنفـى‬ ‫عام‬ ‫بوجه‬ ‫السابقة‬ ‫الكلمـات‬ ‫ألحظ‬never/rarely/ scarcely / seldom: -I always get up early. - I never get up early. -She usually watches TV at night. -She rarely watches TV at night. -‫الجملة‬ ‫نھاية‬ ‫أو‬ ‫بداية‬ ‫في‬ ‫اآلتية‬ ‫الكلمات‬ ‫مع‬ ‫ويستخدم‬: -We watch TV every night. - Every night, he watches TV. Always- sometimes- usually- often-occasionally- rarely- scarcely-seldom-regularly- frequently - generally - monthly – Every (day/night/ Monday/ week/ month/year…….etc. at night/in the morning/at noon/in the evening……etc.
13. Secondary Two14 ‫البسيط‬ ‫للمضارع‬ ‫أخري‬ ‫استخدامات‬ 1-‫واالدراك‬ ‫والحواس‬ ‫الشعور‬ ‫أفعال‬ ‫مع‬ ‫يستخدم‬‫المستمر‬ ‫المضارع‬ ‫من‬ ‫بدال‬ ‫والتفكير‬ ‫والعاطفة‬: like, dislike, love, think, seem, look, know, feel, understand, want, need, hate, see, remember, forget, prefer, believe, mean, taste, hear, have, possess, own, belong,………… etc. -I prefer his way in thinking. –He enjoys reading romantic novels. 2-‫من‬ ‫األولى‬ ‫الحالة‬ ‫مع‬ ‫يستخدم‬(if)‫المستقبل‬ ‫علي‬ ‫يدل‬ ‫و‬: -If you play well, you will win. 3-‫المستقبل‬ ‫علي‬ ‫يدل‬ ‫و‬ ‫الزمنية‬ ‫الروابط‬ ‫مع‬ ‫يستخدم‬: -After he arrives, we will eat. -They will not go until he gives them money. 4-‫لفترة‬ ‫تدوم‬ ‫التي‬ ‫الحقائق‬ ‫عن‬ ‫يعبر‬: - I work in a bank . 5--‫مع‬ ‫يستخدم‬‫المواعيد‬ ‫جداول‬: - The train arrives at 10:15 pm. - We have English at ten every Sunday. 6-‫االتجاھات‬ ‫و‬ ‫التعليمات‬ ‫إعطاء‬ ‫أو‬ ‫طلب‬ ‫حالة‬ ‫في‬ ‫البسيط‬ ‫المضارع‬ ‫يستخدم‬: -How do I get to the station? -You go straight on, and then you turn left. Verb + ing :‫للفعل‬ ( ing ) ‫اضافة‬ ‫كيفية‬ - 1 – inf. ‫المصدر‬ + ing: - read reading - visit visiting : (ing ) ‫ساكن‬)‫ينطق‬ ‫ال‬(‫اضافة‬ ‫قبل‬ ‫يحذف‬ ‫فانه‬ ( e ) ‫اذا‬‫بحرف‬ ‫المصدر‬ ‫انتھي‬ - 2 - Write writing - make making - change changing -‫الفعلين‬ ‫ذلك‬ ‫عن‬ ‫ويشذ‬dye/ singe: - Dye ‫يصبغ‬ dyeing - singe ‫يلسع‬ singeing 3-‫د‬‫واح‬ ‫اكن‬‫س‬ ‫رف‬‫بح‬ ‫ل‬‫الفع‬ ‫ي‬‫انتھ‬ ‫اذا‬‫سبوق‬‫م‬‫أن‬ ‫شرط‬‫ب‬ ‫ر‬‫اكث‬ ‫او‬ ‫د‬‫واح‬ ‫ع‬‫مقط‬ ‫ن‬‫م‬ ‫ون‬‫يتك‬ ‫ل‬‫الفع‬ ‫ان‬‫ك‬ ‫و‬ ‫د‬‫واح‬ ‫رك‬‫متح‬ ‫رف‬‫بح‬‫ون‬‫يك‬ ‫النطق‬ ‫في‬ ‫قويا‬ ‫االخير‬ ‫المقطع‬‫اضافة‬ ‫قبل‬ ‫االخير‬ ‫الحرف‬ ‫يضاعف‬ ‫فانه‬): (ing - run running - travel travelling - stop stopping - open opening - cover covering - answer answering :(ing)‫اضافة‬ ‫قبل‬ (y) ‫الي‬ ‫يتحوال‬ ‫فانھما‬ (ie)‫بالحرفين‬ ‫الفعل‬ ‫انتھي‬ ‫اذا‬ – 4 - die dying -tie tying : (ing)‫اضافة‬ ‫قبل‬ ( k ) ‫حرف‬ ‫بعده‬ ‫يضاف‬ ( c ) ‫بحرف‬ ‫الفعل‬ ‫انتھي‬ ‫اذا‬ -5 - panic panicking - picnic picnicking 2-The Active present Continuous Tense ‫من‬ ‫للمعلوم‬ ‫المبني‬ ‫المستمر‬ ‫المضارع‬ ‫جملة‬ ‫تتكون‬: - Form Subj. ‫فاعل‬ + am / is/ are + V. ing………. . - Ali (he) is reading a story. - I am running fast. - Aya and Heba (They) are cooking lunch. Negation Subj. ‫فاعل‬ + am not / is not(isn't)/ are not(aren't)+V. ing. . - Ali (he) is not (isn't) reading a story. -I am not running fast. - Aya and Heba (They) are not (aren't) cooking lunch. Yes / No Q. Am /Is / Are + Subj. ‫فاعل‬ + V. ing………….. ? - Is Ali( he) reading a story ? - Yes, he is (reading a story). - Are you running fast? - Yes, I am. = Yes, I am (‘m) running fast . - No, I am not. = No, I am not ( 'm not )running fast . ‘ Wh-’ Q. Q.W.‫استفھام‬ ‫اداة‬ + am / is/ are + Subj. ‫فاعل‬ + V. ing…. ? - What is Ali doing ( reading )? - Who is running fast ? . .………….p.p+being+are/is/am+‫لمفعول‬ObjPassive - Ali is reading a story. - A story is being read by Ali. - She is watering the plants. – The plants are being watered (by her). - My father is helping me with my homework. – I am being helped with my homework(by my father).
14. Secondary Two15 Uses ‫األستخدامات‬ 1-To express actions that are happening now: ‫احد‬ ‫عن‬ ‫التعبير‬‫التحدث‬ ‫اثناء‬ ‫تقع‬ ‫اث‬ - I am revising for my test. – They are watching inspector crombo . 2 –To express actions around the present : ‫االن‬ ‫بالضرورة‬ ‫ليس‬ ‫و‬ ‫الحاضر‬ ‫الوقت‬ ‫حول‬ ‫تقع‬ ‫احداث‬ ‫عن‬ ‫التعبير‬ - We are taking exams these days. –I'm reading a story . 3-To express future arrangements: ‫الترتيبات‬ ‫كامل‬ ‫المستقبل‬ ‫في‬ ‫حدث‬ ‫عن‬ ‫يعبر‬ - Our aunt is leaving hospital tomorrow morning. -They are travelling on Monday. ‫يستخدم‬‫المستمر‬ ‫الضارع‬‫مع‬‫مثل‬ ‫زمنية‬ ‫كلمات‬: -‫الحظ‬:‫مع‬ ‫المستمر‬ ‫المضارع‬ ‫يستخدم‬ ‫ال‬‫مثل‬ ‫التملك‬ ‫و‬ ‫العاطفة‬ ‫و‬ ‫التفكير‬ ‫و‬ ‫الحواس‬ ‫افعال‬: Astonish ‫يدھش‬ Hate ‫يكره‬ Need ‫يحتاج‬ See ‫يرى‬ Believe ‫يصدق‬ Hear ‫يسمع‬ Owe ‫يدين‬ Seem ‫يبدو‬ Belong ‫يخص‬ Know ‫يعرف‬ Own ‫يمتلك‬ Smell ‫يشم‬ Concern ‫يھم‬/‫بـ‬ ‫يتعلق‬ Lack ‫ينقص‬ Possess ‫يمتلك‬ Suppose ‫يفترض‬ Consist ‫يتكون‬ Like ‫يحب‬ Prefer ‫يفضل‬ Surprise ‫يفاجئ‬ Contain ‫يحوى‬ Love ‫ي‬‫حب‬ Realize ‫يدرك‬ Taste ‫يتذوق‬ Depend ‫يعتمد‬ Matter ‫يھم‬ Recognize ‫على‬ ‫يتعرف‬ Understand ‫يفھم‬ Deserve ‫يستحق‬ mean ‫يعنى‬ Remember ‫ي‬‫تذكر‬ Want ‫يريد‬ ‫بمعني‬"‫يملك‬"‫المستمر‬ ‫المضارع‬ ‫في‬: (have) -‫الفعل‬ ‫يستخدم‬ ‫ال‬ -I have a shower . ‫ش‬ ‫د‬ ‫لدي‬ - I'm having a shower . ‫شا‬ ‫د‬ ‫آخذ‬ ‫انني‬ ‫أساسي‬ ‫كفعل‬‫المستمر‬ ‫المضارع‬ ‫في‬‫البسيط‬ ‫المضارع‬ ‫منه‬ ‫بدال‬ ‫ويستخدم‬: (be) -‫الفعل‬ ‫يستخدم‬ ‫ال‬ - He is being at school. (x) - He is at school. (√ ) 3- The present perfect tense Form Subj. ‫الفاعل‬ + have/has + P.P. ………………. . :(He/she/it) ‫الغائب‬ ‫المفرد‬ ‫الفاعل‬ ‫مع‬ has –‫تستخدم‬ -I have tidied my bedroom. –Ali (He) has played tennis for an hour. Negation Subject + hasn’t / haven’t + p.p.+…………. . -They haven’t watched the match yet. -The student hasn’t done his homework yet. Yes / No Q. Have /Has + Subj. ‫الفاعل‬ + + P.P. ……….. ? - Have you tidied your room? - Yes, I have (tidied my room). - Has the student done his homework? - No, he hasn't (done his homework yet). ‘ Wh-’ Q. Q.W.‫استفھام‬ ‫اداة‬ +have/has+ subject+ P.P…………? - Where have you played the match? -How long have you stayed here? . .………….p.p+been+has/have+‫المفعول‬ObjPassive - I have tidied my bedroom. - My room has been tidied ( by me). -Ali (He) has played tennis for an hour. - Tennis has been played for an hour. Uses ‫األستخدامات‬ -1‫موجود‬ ‫مازال‬ ‫وآثرة‬ ‫الماضي‬ ‫في‬ ‫تم‬ ‫حدث‬ ‫عن‬ ‫للتعبير‬ ‫التام‬ ‫المضارع‬ ‫يستخدم‬. -She has cleaned the kitchen. (The kitchen is clean now) - He has broken his leg. (He can't walk easily) 2–‫الماضي‬ ‫في‬ ‫محدد‬ ‫غير‬ ‫وقت‬ ‫في‬ ‫انتھي‬ ‫حدث‬: - She has polished her shoes. - He has fed the sheep. -‫لكن‬‫البسيط‬ ‫الماضي‬ ‫نستخدم‬ ‫الحدوث‬ ‫وقت‬ ‫تحديد‬ ‫عند‬: -She cleaned the kitchen yesterday. – He fed the sheep in the afternoon. Now- at the moment - at present – still‫زال‬ ‫ما‬ - Look ! - Listen ! - Watch out! ‫انتبه‬………..etc.
15. Secondary Two16 3-‫متكرر‬ ‫حدث‬ ‫علي‬ ‫التام‬ ‫المضارع‬ ‫يدل‬)‫الحدث‬ ‫ذلك‬ ‫أن‬ ‫أي‬‫أخري‬ ‫مرة‬ ‫للحدوث‬ ‫قابل‬: ( -Abu Terika has scored a hundred goals. (He can score more) -‫توقف‬ ‫الحدث‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ذلك‬ ‫فمعني‬ ‫متكرر‬ ‫حدث‬ ‫مع‬ ‫البسيط‬ ‫الماضي‬ ‫منا‬ ‫استخد‬ ‫ا‬ ‫اذ‬ ‫لكن‬.: - He wrote 46 novels. (He stopped writing) 4-‫عن‬ ‫التام‬ ‫المضارع‬ ‫يعبر‬‫أ‬‫حد‬‫ا‬‫تم‬ ‫ث‬‫ت‬‫حديثا‬. - I've just finished reading this book. 5-‫بعد‬ ‫تحدث‬ ‫لم‬ ‫أحداث‬ ‫عن‬ ‫التام‬ ‫المضارع‬ ‫يعبر‬. - She's never played tennis. 6-‫تحديد‬ ‫دون‬ ‫سابقة‬ ‫خبرات‬ ‫عن‬ ‫للسؤال‬ ‫التام‬ ‫المضارع‬ ‫يستخدم‬‫حدوثھا‬ ‫وقت‬. - Have you ever met anyone famous? - She's never met anyone famous yet, but she hopes to one day. 7-‫م‬ ‫نستخد‬(has /have been to)‫ذھب‬ ‫بمعنى‬‫أما‬ ‫وعاد‬ ‫لمكان‬(has /have gone to)‫ھناك‬ ‫ومازال‬ ‫لمكان‬ ‫ذھب‬)‫يعد‬ ‫لم‬( - My sister has gone to school. (She is still at school now.) - My sister has been to the cinema. (She isn't there now). -‫اآلتية‬ ‫الكلمات‬ ‫مع‬ ‫التام‬ ‫المضارع‬ ‫يستخدم‬: Just/already/yet/so far ‫حتي‬‫االن‬ /ever/never/lately/recently/since/for / so far /up till now - He has typed five letters so far. -‫كما‬‫يستخدم‬‫التام‬ ‫المضارع‬‫إذا‬‫وجدنا‬‫يلـي‬ ‫بمـا‬ ‫الجملة‬: - It’s/This is the first (second…) time... - It’s the first time I have been to this place. - It’s (This) is the only… - This is the only play I have seen. - In the last few years/months……. - Egypt has changed a lot in the last few years. - In recent years - It has not rained in the Western Desert in recent years. - Over the ages / over the years…. - The earth has become more crowded over the ages. ‫مالحظات‬: 1-‫أن‬ ‫الحظ‬ever/never/just/ already‫بين‬ ‫تأتي‬have/has‫الثالث‬ ‫والتصريف‬: PP. - I have just written the letter. - He has never done karate. 2-‫بعد‬ ‫يأتى‬since‫أما‬ ‫الحدث‬ ‫بداية‬ ‫يحدد‬ ‫زمن‬for‫الحدث‬ ‫ھذا‬ ‫مدة‬ ‫بعدھا‬ ‫يأتى‬. Since For ‫ساعة‬ 12 o’clock a moment Since ‫اسم‬‫شھر‬ October ‫اسم‬‫يوم‬ Friday ‫اسم‬‫فصل‬ summer For two seconds / three minutes four hours / five days six nights / seven weeks ‫يوم‬ ‫تا‬‫ريخ‬ 7th August eight months/ one season ‫تاريخ‬‫سنة‬ 2000 nine years ‫جملة‬‫ماضي‬‫بسيط‬ I arrived ages Then ‫ذلك‬‫الحين‬ /yesterday a long time last ……………... the last ………….. - We have owned this house since 1988 - He has known the same friends for three years. -‫كما‬‫بعد‬ ‫يأتى‬since‫مثل‬ ‫معلوم‬ ‫وقت‬ ‫علي‬ ‫يدل‬ ‫اسم‬ ‫أيضا‬: - lunch / lunchtime / his childhood / her wedding / their arrival……. - She has stayed her since her marriage. - He has known the same friends since his childhood. 3-‫التي‬ ‫الجملة‬‫بعد‬ ‫تأتي‬since‫ت‬‫بسيط‬ ‫ماضي‬ ‫كون‬: - I haven’t seen him since he left for Cairo.
16. Secondary Two17 ‫القاطع‬ ‫للنفي‬: (never)‫تستخدم‬ ‫بينما‬ ‫السؤال‬ ‫في‬ ‫غالبا‬ (ever ) -‫تستخدم‬ 4 -Have you ever met the manager in person? - I have never seen such a strange person. -‫نستخدم‬ever‫بـ‬ ‫تبدأ‬ ‫التى‬ ‫الجمل‬ ‫فى‬No - Nothing like this has ever happened to us. - No student has ever answered this question. -‫استخدام‬ ‫يمكن‬ever‫صيغة‬ ‫تتضمن‬ ‫التى‬ ‫الجمل‬ ‫فى‬‫تفضيل‬: ‫صفة‬‫تفضيل‬ …….. + subject+ have/has+ ever +P.P. ……. . - This is the strangest match I have ever watched. - The most exciting novel I have ever seen was “Oliver Twist". -‫الحظ‬‫أنه‬‫استخدام‬ ‫عند‬never‫من‬ ‫بدال‬ever‫نستخدم‬such (a/an) adj. + n.: - This is the worst luck I have ever had. = I have never had such bad luck. -‫استخدام‬ ‫حالة‬ ‫فى‬ever‫بھا‬ ‫جمله‬ ‫فى‬never/before‫بــ‬ ‫نبدأ‬This is the first time - I have never seen a lion before. = - This is the first time I have ever seen a lion. 5-‫تستخدم‬yet‫ا‬ ‫الجمل‬ ‫و‬ ‫األسئلة‬ ‫نھاية‬ ‫فى‬‫لمنفية‬. - Has he arrived yet? - They haven't eaten yet. -‫تستخدم‬yet‫بھـ‬ ‫جمــلة‬ ‫نفي‬ ‫في‬‫ا‬just / already - He has just arrived. - He hasn’t arrived yet. -‫استخدام‬ ‫حالة‬ ‫في‬yet‫بدال‬‫من‬still‫نست‬‫خدم‬‫المستمر‬ ‫المضارع‬ ‫من‬ ‫بدال‬ ‫منفى‬ ‫تام‬ ‫مضارع‬: - He is still writing the report. = - He hasn’t finished writing the report 6-‫نستخدم‬already‫المثبتة‬ ‫الجمل‬ ‫و‬ ‫األسئلة‬ ‫فى‬. - Have you already written to John? - He has already had dinner. -‫عندإستخدام‬before now‫مكان‬already‫البسيط‬ ‫للماضي‬ ‫الجملة‬ ‫زمن‬ ‫يحول‬ - He has already finished. = - He finished before now. 7-‫استخدام‬ ‫عند‬since / for‫من‬ ‫بدال‬the last time / last / when / ago‫الماضى‬ ‫نحول‬‫منفى‬ ‫تام‬ ‫مضارع‬ ‫إلى‬ ‫البسيط‬. - I last ate fish when I was in Alex. = - I haven’t eaten fish since I was in Alex. 8-‫بــ‬ ‫بدأنا‬ ‫و‬ ‫منفى‬ ‫تام‬ ‫مضارع‬ ‫الجملة‬ ‫كانت‬ ‫إذا‬It’s‫التالى‬ ‫التركيب‬ ‫نستخدم‬ It’s + ‫زمنية‬ ‫مدة‬ + since + ‫فاعل‬ + last + ‫مثبت‬ ‫بسيط‬ ‫ماضى‬ - I haven’t seen him for ages. = - It’s ages since I last saw him. ‫االثبات‬ ‫في‬ ‫غالبا‬‫السؤال‬ ‫و‬: (just) -‫تستخدم‬ 9 -What has he just said ? -She has just turned on the computer. –‫استخدمنا‬ ‫إذا‬just‫من‬ ‫بدال‬a moment ago / a short time ago‫الم‬ ‫نحول‬‫تام‬ ‫مضارع‬ ‫إلى‬ ‫البسيط‬ ‫اضى‬‫مثبت‬. - The train left a moment ago. = - The train has just left. 10-‫استخدام‬ ‫عند‬ago‫من‬ ‫بدال‬since / for‫التام‬ ‫المضارع‬ ‫نحول‬‫المثبت‬‫الى‬ began / started + to + inf. - It has rained for two hours. = - It began to rain two hours ago. -‫استخدام‬ ‫يمكن‬ ‫أنه‬ ‫الحظ‬ago‫مـع‬since: - I haven't seen him since three years ago. ‫السؤال‬ ‫في‬ ‫الطريقة‬ ‫بنفس‬: (recently/lately) 11–‫كل‬ ‫تستخدم‬‫من‬ -Has Barakat scored goals lately/recently? ‫النفي‬ ‫في‬: (lately) ‫في‬‫و‬ ‫االثبات‬ ( recently ) -‫استخدام‬ ‫يفضل‬ -She has moved to a new house recently. -He hasn't phoned me lately. The last time+‫بسيط‬ ‫ماضي‬ ‫+جملة‬was in/ when ……. . =‫فاعل‬ + last……… in/when…………………. . = ‫+فاعل‬ haven't/hasn't + P.P. since............................. -The last time I saw Ali was in 2009. =I last saw Ali in 2009. =I haven't played football since 2009. -‫اذا‬‫من‬ ‫التحويل‬ ‫كان‬(for)‫الي‬(since)‫صعب‬)‫انة‬ ‫اي‬‫تاريخ‬ ‫الي‬ ‫تحويلھا‬ ‫يمكن‬ ‫ال‬ ‫المدة‬ ‫كانت‬ ‫لو‬(‫الطريقة‬ ‫نستخدم‬ ‫التركيبة‬ ‫نستخدم‬ ‫التالي‬‫ة‬: It ( is – was – has been ) ‫مدة‬ since ‫بسيط‬ ‫ماضي‬ - He hasn't travelled for ages. (since) - It is ages since he travelled. He hasn’t studied for along time. ( since ) - It is along time since he studied.
17. Secondary Two18 ‫االفعال‬ ‫تصريفات‬Conjugation of Verbs ‫االفعال‬‫المنتظمة‬Regular Verbs 1-‫بصفة‬‫باضافة‬ ‫المنتظمة‬ ‫االفعال‬ ‫تصريف‬ ‫يتم‬ ‫عامة‬(ed)‫مصدرالفعل‬ ‫لنھاية‬: -visit/ visited - watch/watched - land / landed 2-‫بحرف‬ ‫المصدر‬ ‫انتھي‬ ‫اذا‬(e)‫حرف‬ ‫له‬ ‫يضاف‬ ‫الينطق‬(d)‫فق‬‫ط‬: -like /liked - change / changed - bake / baked 3-‫أن‬ ‫بشرط‬ ‫اكثر‬ ‫او‬ ‫واحد‬ ‫مقطع‬ ‫من‬ ‫يتكون‬ ‫الفعل‬ ‫كان‬ ‫و‬ ‫واحد‬ ‫متحرك‬ ‫بحرف‬ ‫مسبوق‬ ‫واحد‬ ‫ساكن‬ ‫بحرف‬ ‫الفعل‬ ‫انتھي‬ ‫اذا‬ : (ed) ‫اضافة‬ ‫قبل‬ ‫االخير‬ ‫الحرف‬ ‫يضاعف‬ ‫(فانه‬stressed) ‫ا‬ ‫في‬ ‫قويا‬ ‫االخير‬ ‫المقطع‬ ‫يكون‬‫لنطق‬ - stop / stopped - travel / travelled - ban / banned :(ed)‫اضافة‬ ‫قبل‬ (ie) ‫الي‬ ‫يتحول‬ ‫فانه‬ (y)‫بالحرف‬ ‫الفعل‬ ‫انتھي‬ ‫اذا‬ – 4 - study / studied - dry / dried - try / tried : (ed)‫اضافة‬ ‫قبل‬ ( k ) ‫بعده‬ ‫يضاف‬‫حرف‬ ( c ) ‫بحرف‬ ‫الفعل‬ ‫انتھي‬ ‫اذا‬ -5 - panic panicked - picnic picnicked ‫المنتظمة‬ ‫الغير‬ ‫االفعال‬Irregular Verbs -‫تقسيم‬ ‫يمكن‬ ‫و‬ ، ‫تحفظ‬ ‫ان‬ ‫يجب‬ ‫و‬ ‫للتصريف‬ ‫قواعد‬ ‫لھا‬ ‫توجد‬ ‫ال‬ ‫منتظمة‬ ‫الغير‬ ‫االفعال‬‫انواع‬ ‫ثالثة‬ ‫الي‬ ‫ھا‬: -‫مثـل‬ ‫واحـدة‬ ‫الثـالثـة‬ ‫تصـريفاتھـا‬ ‫أفعـال‬: infinitive Past simple Past Participle ( P.P.) put put put shut shut shut hit hit hit let let let -‫مثـل‬ ‫واحـد‬ ‫تغيـر‬ ‫ذات‬ ‫أفعـال‬: buy bought bought think thought thought build built built sleep slept slept hear heard heard -‫مثـل‬ ‫مختـلفــة‬ ‫الثـالثـة‬ ‫تصـريفاتھـا‬ ‫أفعـال‬: drink drank drunk swim swam swum write wrote written speak spoke spoken 4-The past simple tense Form Subj. ‫الفاعل‬ + S.C. ‫للفعل‬ ‫الثاني‬ ‫التصريف‬ ………………. . -He visited his friends. -They watched a film. Negation Subject + didn’t + inf.…………. . -They didn’t watch the match yesterday. -The student didn’t do his homework. Yes / No Q. Did + Subj. ‫الفاعل‬ + + inf. ……….. ? - Did you tidy your room? - Yes, I did. – Yes, I tidied my room. - Did the student do his homework? - No, he didn't (do his homework). ‘ Wh-’ Q. Q.W.‫استفھام‬ ‫اداة‬ +did / didn't+ subject+ inf…………? - Where did you watch the match? -Why didn't you stay at a hotel? . .………….p.p+were/was+‫المفعول‬ObjPassive -They watched a film. – A film was watched ( by them ).
18. Secondary Two19 Uses ‫األس‬‫تخدامات‬ 1–‫الماضي‬ ‫في‬ ‫انتھى‬ ‫حدث‬ ‫عن‬ ‫البسيط‬ ‫الماضي‬ ‫يعبر‬ -I studied French when I was in secondary school. 2-‫الماضي‬ ‫في‬ ‫عادة‬ ‫عن‬ ‫يعبر‬ -Aya used to play tennis, when she was young. 3–‫قصة‬ ‫سرد‬ ‫في‬ ‫أحداث‬ ‫وصف‬ -Ali found a bag ,then he went to the police station. 4–‫الشرط‬ ‫اسلوب‬ ‫من‬ ‫الثانية‬ ‫الحاله‬ ‫في‬(If) -If he helped us, we would win. 5–‫حقيقي‬ ‫غير‬ ‫ماضي‬ ‫ويعتبر‬ ‫اآلتية‬ ‫ت‬ ‫التعبيرا‬ ‫مع‬ ‫يستخدم‬‫الواقع‬ ‫ليس‬ ‫و‬ ‫المفترض‬ ‫عن‬ ‫يعبر‬: 1 – I wish +subj. ‫فاعل‬ + ‫بسيط‬ ‫ماضي‬ - I wish mum wasn't ill. – I wish the Egyptian team played well. 2-It's time +subj. ‫فاعل‬ + ‫بسيط‬ ‫ماضي‬ -It's time he paid the bill. – It is time father arrived. 2-I 'd rather +subj. ‫فاعل‬ + ‫بسيط‬ ‫ماضي‬ -I would rather she helped him. – I'd rather Ali didn't come. 6–‫ال‬ ‫يستخدم‬‫اآلتية‬ ‫التعبيرات‬ ‫مع‬ ‫البسيط‬ ‫ماضي‬: Yesterday – ago – last – once – in the past .....etc. - Last week, I went to Alexandria. - Two months ago, we flew to London. 5-The Past Continuous Tense -‫من‬ ‫للمعلوم‬ ‫المبني‬ ‫المستمر‬ ‫الماضي‬ ‫جملة‬ ‫تتكون‬:- Form Subj. ‫فاعل‬ + was / were + V. ing………. . - Ali (he) was reading a story. - Aya and Heba (They) were cooking lunch. Negative Subj. ‫فاعل‬ + was not(wasn't)/ were not(weren't)+ V. ing . - Ali (he) was not (wasn't) reading a story. -I was not (wasn't) running fast. - Aya and Heba (They) were not (weren't) cooking lunch. Yes / No Q. Was / Were + Subj. ‫فاعل‬ + V. ing………….. ? - Was Ali (he) reading a story? - Yes, he was (reading a story). - Were you running fast? - No, I was not. = No, I was not running fast. ‘ Wh-’ Q . Q.W.‫استفھام‬ ‫اداة‬ + was / were + Subj. ‫فاعل‬ + V. ing…. ? - What was Ali doing (reading)? - Who was running fast? . .………….p.p+being+were/was+‫المفعول‬ObjPassive - A story was being read by Ali. Uses ‫األستخدامات‬ -‫حدث‬ ‫عن‬ ‫للتعبير‬‫كان‬‫الماضي‬ ‫في‬ ‫معين‬ ‫وقت‬ ‫أثناء‬ ‫مستمر‬: -Between six and half past six this morning, I was having breakfast. -‫مستمر‬ ‫حدث‬ ‫عن‬ ‫للتعبير‬‫في‬‫الماضي‬‫آخر‬ ‫حدث‬ ‫قطعه‬: -I was having a shower when the phone rang. -‫يأتي‬‫الماضي‬ ‫في‬ ‫موقف‬ ‫أو‬ ‫قصة‬ ‫سياق‬ ‫في‬: -I was studying Chemistry when I met Jane. -He was doing research when they arrested him. -‫المستمر‬ ‫الماضي‬ ‫يستخدم‬‫مثل‬ ‫كلمات‬ ‫مع‬ ‫غالبا‬)(While / when / As / Just as‫مستمرا‬ ‫كان‬ ‫حدث‬ ‫عن‬ ‫للتعبير‬‫في‬‫الماضي‬‫آخر‬ ‫حدث‬ ‫قطعه‬: (While / when / As / Just as) + past con. + , + past simple -I was having a shower when the phone rang. - While she was walking in the street, she met one of her old friends. - It started to rain as we were doing the homework. -‫أن‬ ‫الحظ‬when‫بعدھا‬ ‫يأتي‬ ‫أن‬ ‫يمكن‬‫ماضي‬‫بسيط‬: -We were doing the homework when it started to rain.
19. Secondary Two20 -‫مع‬ ‫الحدثين‬ ‫يكون‬ ‫أن‬ ‫يمكن‬when‫البسيط‬ ‫الماضي‬ ‫في‬‫ا‬ ‫يقطع‬ ‫لم‬ ‫و‬ ‫متتابعين‬ ‫كانا‬ ‫اذا‬‫اآلخر‬ ‫حدھما‬: -When he arrived, he found the door locked. -‫استخدام‬ ‫يمكن‬On‫من‬ ‫بدال‬when‫يعدھا‬ ‫يأتي‬ ‫و‬: V. ing = On arriving, he found the door locked. -‫مثل‬ ‫كلمات‬ ‫مع‬ ‫غالبا‬ ‫المستمر‬ ‫الماضي‬ ‫يستخدم‬)(While / when / As / Just as‫كانا‬ ‫حدثين‬ ‫عن‬ ‫للتعبير‬‫مستمرين‬‫في‬‫في‬ ‫الوقت‬ ‫نفس‬‫الماضي‬: (While / when / As / Just as) + past con. + , + pasr con. -While I was studying, my father was reading. –‫بعد‬ ‫ياتي‬ ‫لم‬ ‫اذا‬while‫بعدھا‬ ‫ياتي‬ ‫فاعل‬(v .ing ) -While playing, I fell down. -‫استخدام‬ ‫يمكن‬during‫من‬ ‫بدال‬while‫يعدھا‬ ‫يأتي‬ ‫و‬noun / V. ing: -While he was playing the game, he got hurt. - During the game, he got hurt. = - He got hurt during the game. -‫بعد‬ ‫الفعل‬and‫يسبقھا‬ ‫الذي‬ ‫الفعل‬ ‫شكل‬ ‫نفس‬ ‫يأخذ‬: -He was writing a letter and listening to some music. -‫الح‬‫استخدام‬ ‫عدم‬ ‫ظ‬)( be‫المستمر‬ ‫الماضي‬ ‫في‬: - While I was at school, I felt a headache. Exercises Choose the correct answer : 1. What exams ……………….. you passed? a. are b. did c. have d. might 2. After I finished school, I ……………….. tourism at university. a. study b. am studying c. have studied d. studied 3. Has Sara ……………….. for any jobs yet? a. applying b. applied c. apply d. application 4. Mona ……………….. at Ain Shams Hospital on Thursdays and Fridays. a. is working b. works c. has worked d. have worked 5. The university is ……………….. for a qualified doctor at the moment. a. advertisement b. advertised c. advertises d. advertising 6. While I ……………….. for work I saw an advertisement for my dream job! a. was looking b. looked c. have looked d. looks 7. People ……………….. work when they are older for many reasons. a. continued b. continue to c. continuing to d. have continued to 8. I ……………….. working with my company but now I want to look for another job. a. enjoyed b. enjoying c. have enjoyed d. enjoyed to 9. ……………….. People should work in their 70s or 80s? a. Are you thinking b. You are thinking c. Do you thinking d. Do you think 10. He was the first one ………………..…..… at work . a. arrives b. arrived c. to arrive d. would arrive 11. The students are ………………. about what they are learning at school . a. proud b. excited c. pleased d. interested 12. He is ………………………research into the effects of insecticides . a. getting b. doing c. making d. playing 13. My son was …………………… a prize for his good work at school. a. got b. won c. awarded d. taken 14. His family was ……………….……... of his success at school. a. proud b. happy c. pleased d. excited 15. That famous singer ……………………. two concerts last month . a. made b. devised c. gave d. did 16. They discussed the matter before …………..…….. the decision . a. making b. devising c. taking d. giving 17. Although he was still young he ………… part in many sports competitions and won medals . a. got b. gave c. took d. make 18. The farmers …………………. a new way of collecting their crops . a. spent b. devised c. made d. gave 19. We met on several ……………..…… last year . a. happenings b. accidents c. incidents d. occasions
20. Secondary Two21 20. My father said to me , "Your teacher has some good advise …….. you." a. for b. to c. with d. on 21. Dr Hawass sometimes .................. in the 'magazine "Egypt Today". a. writes b. will write c. write d. has written 22. Who .................. with when you visited the- museum yesterday? a. did you go b. do you go c. you went d. have you gone 23. You must take your umbrella. It ……………..outside. a. is raining b. rains c. rained d. should have rained 24. I haven't seen Mr. John......... a. long time b. recently c. sometimes d. lately 25. The gardener hasn't put water on the garden .... a long time. a. since b. ago c. for d. still 26. A long time has passed …………… I saw him. a) as long as b) because c) since d) until 27. I ……………….. a book when somebody knocked on the door. a) read b) has read c) am reading d) was reading 28. We ……………… our old friends for a year. They are too busy. a) haven't been met b) hadn't met c) didn't meet d) haven't met 29. ………………… people should work in their 70s or 80s? a) Are you thinking b) You are thinking c) Do you thinking d) Do you think 30. At the moment, I ………… research on a computer program for an Australian company. a) do b) am doing c) have done d) was doing. 31. I ………………… to be a doctor since I was ten. a) wanted b) was wanting c) have wanted d) want 32. When I was eight, I …………….. a program about a famous Egyptian doctor on television. a) saw b) have seen c) was seeing d) was seen 33. We ……………… a card for my brother. Do you want to help? a) make b) are making c) were making d) had made 34. We ……………… a meeting at work this morning when suddenly all the lights went out. a) having b) had had c) have had d) were having 35. At the moment she ……………….. to be a primary school teacher. a) trains b) was training c) is training d) has trained 36. Since I started the job two years ago, I ……………… important people from all over the world. a) have wanted b) had wanted c) wanted d) wanting 37. Heba ……………… at a large tour company as an accountant. a) work b) works c) working d) to work 38. I ………………. my homework while my brother was watching television. a) doing b) have done c) was doing d) had done 39. It …………………… often rain in Egypt. a) doesn't b) isn't c) won't d) wasn't 40. I first …………… my best friend when we were both about 3 years old. a) meet b) have met c) met d) meeting 41. What …………………… at 3 o'clock yesterday? a) were you done b) were you doing c) you were doing d) do you do 42. My mother was cooking dinner when I …………….. home. a) had arrived b) was arriving c) have arrived d) arrived 43. My uncle …………….. to Germany lately. a) is b) will be c) has been d) is being 44. You look pale. ………………………… to you? a) Has anything happened b) Will anything happen c) Had anything happened d) Was anything happening 45. I said "Hello" to my uncle, but he couldn't hear me because he ………….. to the radio. a) has listened b) was listening c) is listening d) would listen Find the mistakes in each of the following sentences then write them correctly: 1. At the moment my sister trains to be a primary teacher. 2. At the moment, we do a history project at school. It be very interesting. 3. Before she did research on new treatments, she works as a surgeon.
21. Secondary Two22 4. Have you never met my brother? 5. He has studied accountancy since five years. 6. He has worked in a bank since 15 years. 7. He hasn't been in this country since the last two years. 8. He have not yet decided what to study at university. 9. He isn't finishing the job yet. 10. I am teaching in this school since 1995. 11. I didn't see the film yet. 12. I didn't study English for 2 days. 13. I fell asleep while I watched a film on television. 14. I have worked in a bank ever for I left school. 15. I haven't saw him since last Tuesday. 16. I know him for 5 years. 17. I last played football since I was on holiday. 18. I only buy my new camera last week. 19. I start to learn English when I was 4 years old. 20. I want to be a doctor since I was ten. 21. I was play tennis at three o'clock yesterday afternoon. 22. I'm not decorating my room yet. 23. It usually is hot and sunny in Egypt. 24. It's ages since I have last gone to a football match. 25. It's three weeks since I last visiting my grandfather. 26. It's time he comes to school. 27. I've already taking 300 photos with my new camera. 28. Metals are expanding when they are heated. 29. My brother has a difficult decision to do next week. 30. My brother has been in London for 1998. 31. My company has an important meeting last month. 32. My father work in a bank in the city centre. 33. My father work in a bank in the city centre. He work there for fifteen years. 34. On scored a goal, he fell down. 35. She does research on plants a few years ago. 36. She have had a number of jobs since leaving university. 37. The last time I have visited the pyramids was in 1995. 38. They didn't helped the old man. 39. What did you do since the weekend? 40. What have you do since the weekend? 41. When did you first met your friend? 42. When I was eight. I have seen a programme about a famous doctor on TV. 43. When would you start to learn English? – Two years ago. 44. While he does his homework, his friend arrived. Translation Translate into Arabic: One of the current reform programmes is to stimulate invest in the industrial sector. The declared aim of the government in it; is to increase the share of the private sector to 25 per cent of the investment expenditure. ........................................................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................................................... Great efforts are exerted to develop the industry of information technology in Egypt as it is the language which the world is communicating with at present and for long years to come . The government has encouraged it by reducing taxes and eliminating restrictions on imports . ........................................................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................................................... Translate into English: -‫المشاكل‬ ‫من‬ ‫العديد‬ ‫لدينا‬ ‫ألن‬ ‫جدا‬ ‫ھامة‬ ‫الخيرية‬ ‫الجمعيات‬ُ ........................................................................................................................................................................... ...........................................................................................................................................................................
22. Secondary Two23 -‫العامة‬ ‫الخدمة‬ ‫و‬ ‫المواصالت‬ ‫و‬ ‫التعليم‬ ‫مشكالت‬ ‫نواجه‬ ‫ونحن‬ ‫العالم‬ ‫في‬ ‫ازدحاما‬ ‫األماكن‬ ‫أكثر‬ ‫القاھرة‬ ‫أصبحت‬ ‫لقد‬. ........................................................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................................................... Test 1 A. Language Functions Respond to each of the following situations: 1.Someone asks you about the reason why you chose to be a doctor. 2.One of your friends is getting too fat. He's asking for your advice. 3.Your uncle Hesham suggests going to the Egyptian Museum and you agree. 4.You ask your father about the ideal way in paying today. Say where these mini-dialogues take place and who the speakers are: 1- A: My key , please. It's one twenty. Is there any message for me? B: No, sir. A: If someone asks for me, I'll be in the hotel lobby. 2- A: May I see the menu, please? B: Of course! Here you are. A: Please bring me lamb , with rice and green salad. B. Vocabulary and Structure Choose the correct answer from a, b, c, or d: 1.Our company is planning to send …………… to the next international meeting. a) a group b) a worker c) a delegation d) a car 2.Mrs Smith was very happy to become ………….… when her daughter had a baby son. a) a surgeon b) a grandmother c) a father d) a cousin 3.The old doctor is looking forward to his ……………… at 65 years because he will no longer have to work. a) retirement b) holiday c) year d) society 4.The boy needs ……………. because his heart is not working properly and without a new heart he will die. a) a doctor b) a charity c) a transplant d) a hospital 5.It’s terribly hot in here. Please can you turn on the …………………..? a) heater b) air conditioning c) lights d) parts 6.That boy loves to draw buildings! I believe that he will become …………… when he grows up. a) an engineer b) a businessman c) an architect d) an artist 7.……………………….. are important because they work on many things, from bridges and waterways to road systems. a) Civil engineers b) Architects c) Designers d) Managers 8.When I was at school I liked my …………….. . It was red and grey and I loved wearing it. a) teachers b) uniform c) classroom d) shoes 9.What exams …………………… you passed? a) are b) did c) have d) might 10. After I finished school, I …………….. tourism at university. a) study b) am studying c) have studied d) studied 11. Has Sara ……………….. for any jobs yet? a) applied b) applying c) application d) apply 12. Mona ………………… at Ain Shams Hospital on Thursdays and Fridays. a) is working b) works c) have worked d) has worked 13. The university is ……………………. for a qualified doctor at the moment. a) advertisement b) advertised c) advertises d) advertising 14. While I …………….. for work I saw an advertisement for my dream job. a) was looking b) looked c) have looked d) looks Place ……………………………. - Speaker A: ……………………. - Speaker B: Place ……………………………. - Speaker A: ……………………. - Speaker B: …………………….
23. Secondary Two24 15. People ………………… work when they are older for many reasons. a) continued b) have continued to c) continuing to d) continue to 16. I …………… working with my company but now I want to look for another job. a) enjoyed b) enjoying c) have enjoyed d) enjoyed to Find the mistake in each of the following sentences, then write them correctly: 1- Since she tired from the company, she has done voluntary work for a charity. 2- I'm not blaming you. We all do mistakes. 3- You will never get a good job if you don't have any qualifies. 4- He was been a police officer since his twenty first birthday. 5- While she was read a magazine, someone knocked at the door. 6- I didn't finish the report yet. C. Reading Read the following passage, then answer the questions: No one dreamed of what is happening today. Who can believe that we can talk together, hear and see each other through wires? The revolution of technology included all fields not communications only. For example the mobile phone, it is not only a mean of communication but it is also considered a mean of entertainment. We call, listen to music and songs, watch videos, connect the internet and take photos as beautiful memories. In brief if you bought a modern mobile today, you really bought a recorder, TV, radio, camera and small computer. Another example is in medicine. The usage of x-ray. It is an important invention which helps doctors to see and diagnose diseases inside our bodies. In spite of this highly progress in all fields of life which made our life easier, there are a lot of diseases which have no treatment yet. This is may be good because it always reminds us that there is God who is able to cure every disease. a ) Give short answers to the following questions: 1. From the passage give two examples to means of progress. 2. In the writer's point of view why it is not bad to find diseases which can't be treated nowadays? 3. What is the importance of x-ray? b ) Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d: 1. Mobile phone today have ……………………………. a) camera b) recorder c) small computer d) all of that 2. The underlined "revolution" means ………………… a) change b) pollution c) fight d) war 6-Read the following passage, and then answer the questions: Many people today believe that getting a well-paid job is essential while finishing school or university is not. I strongly disagree with this view for many reasons. First, education is the key to development. Doctors, scientists and teachers use their education to advance society. Without them, there would be no cures for diseases and no progress in technology. What is more, a good education can help to achieve economic success. Businesses would not be successful without educated people to run them. Success and financial reward go hand in hand. As a result, highly trained people are often also better paid people. Of course, there are people who argue that an education is not necessary in order to make lots of money. It is true that some highly paid jobs do not require a high level of education, but they are rare. I believe that although money is important in life, it should not be given more emphasis than education. a ) Give short answers to the following questions: 1. Why is education important in the field of medicine? 2. What does a person need to get a well paid job? 3. According to the writer, which is more important: money or education? Why? b ) Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d: 4. Education is …………………. to development. a) necessary b) unnecessary c) easy d) unimportant 5. According to the text, business needs ………… people to be successful. a) illiterate b) educated c) ignorant d) lazy D. The Novel a ) Answer the following questions: 1- What profession was Lemuel Gulliver trained in? What other subjects did he study? 2- Why did the Lilliputians fasten Gulliver to the ground when they found him?
24. Secondary Two25 3 - Why did they have to use so many ropes? 4- Gulliver was able to break the ropes on his left hand. Why do you think he didn't break the rest of his ropes and get free of the tiny people? b ) Read the quotation and answer the questions: "Who are you? Can you tell me where I am? What do you want?" 1- Who said this to whom? 2- What happened just before he said this? 3- What happened after he said this? c ) Find the mistake in each of the following sentences, then write them correctly: 1- Gulliver could hear wood being cut next to him. He guessed that they were destroying something. 2- Gulliver picked up the six people one at a time and put five of them in his socks. E. Writing Write a paragraph of about 100 words about: "Citizenship and National Unity" F. Translation a ) Translate into Arabic: Childhood is the most important stage in man's life. So, due care should be directed to it. Scientific researchers have proved that early experiences of childhood from the essentials of man's character along life. ........................................................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................................................... b ) Translate into English: ‫السالم‬ ‫فيه‬ ‫يسود‬ ‫الذي‬ ‫الوقت‬ ‫إلي‬ ‫نتطلع‬. …………………………………...……………………………………………………………………………………… ‫الحديثة‬ ‫النكنولوجيا‬ ‫غياب‬ ‫في‬ ‫الحياة‬ ‫تتخيل‬ ‫أن‬ ‫لك‬ ‫ھل‬ …………………………………...………………………………………………………………………………………
25. Secondary Two26 Unit 2 - Gulliver's Travels adventures ‫مغا‬‫مرات‬ fight ‫يحارب‬ properly ‫مناسبة‬ ‫بطريقة‬ agree ‫يوافق‬ Fighter ‫محارب‬ prove ‫يثبت‬ an overall view ‫شاملة‬ ‫نظرة‬ foreigner ‫أجنبى‬ publish ‫ينشر‬ appear ‫يظھر‬ get over ‫يتغلب‬ quotation ‫فقرة‬ argue ‫يجادل‬–‫يناقش‬ giant ‫عمالق‬ regular ‫منتظم‬ argument ‫جدال‬–‫نقاش‬ ground ‫األ‬‫رض‬ represent ‫يمثل‬ as well as ‫أيضا‬ idiom ‫مصطلح‬ reward ‫مكافأة‬ asleep ‫نائم‬ imagination ‫خيال‬ ridiculous ‫سخيف‬ author ‫مؤلف‬–‫كاتب‬ imaginative ‫خيالى‬ sail ‫يبحر‬ beat ‫يھزم‬ imagine ‫يتخيل‬ sailing ‫إبحار‬ brain ‫مخ‬ in addition ‫إلى‬ ‫باإلضافة‬ sailor ‫بحار‬ capture ‫يأسر‬ island ‫جزيرة‬ science fiction ‫علمى‬ ‫خيال‬ character ‫شخصية‬ job ‫وظيفة‬ shipwrecked ‫سفينة‬ ‫حطام‬ comment ‫يعلق‬ laugh at ‫من‬ ‫يسخر‬ speed ‫سرعة‬ commentary ‫تعليق‬ likely ‫إحتمال‬ steal ‫يسرق‬ communicate ‫يتصل‬ list ‫قائمة‬ storm ‫عاصفة‬ communication ‫إتصال‬ long-term ‫األجل‬ ‫طويل‬ stranger ‫غريب‬ details ‫تفاصيل‬ luck ‫حظ‬ succeed ‫ينجح‬ die ‫يموت‬ luckily ‫الحظ‬ ‫لحسن‬ success ‫نجاح‬ diplomat ‫دبلوماسى‬ make fun of ‫من‬ ‫يسخر‬ successful ‫ناجح‬ disappear ‫يختفى‬ mind ‫عقل‬ suffer ‫يعانى‬ dwarf ‫قزم‬ negative ‫سلبى‬ symbol ‫رمز‬ earth ‫األرض‬ neighbouring ‫مجاور‬ symbolize ‫إلى‬ ‫يرمز‬ enemy ‫عدو‬ opinion ‫رأى‬ tasks ‫مھام‬ escape ‫يھرب‬ partner ‫شريك‬ tie ‫يربط‬ excited ‫مثار‬ plough ‫يحرث‬ unfamiliar ‫مألوف‬ ‫غير‬ exciting ‫مثير‬ politician ‫سياسى‬ update ‫يحدث‬ explanation ‫شرح‬-‫تفسير‬ politics ‫سياسة‬ useful for ‫مفيد‬ favourite ‫مفضل‬ proper ‫مناسب‬ voyage ‫بحرية‬ ‫رحلة‬ Derivatives Verb Noun Adjective comment ‫تعليق‬ commentary ‫حدث‬ ‫علي‬ ‫تعليق‬ Comment ‫يعلق‬ commentator ‫معلق‬ Imaginary ‫خيالي‬/‫حقيقي‬ ‫غير‬Imagine ‫يتخيل‬ imagination ‫خيال‬ Imaginative ‫الخيال‬ ‫واسع‬ neighbour ‫جار‬ neighbourly ‫طيب‬/‫عطوف‬ neighbourhood ‫الجيرة‬/‫الجوار‬ Neighbouring ‫مجاور‬ neighbourliness ‫ود‬ Diplomat ‫دبلوماسي‬ ‫شخص‬ diplomacy ‫الدبلوماسية‬ diplomatic ‫دبلوماسي‬ Ridicule ‫سخافة‬/‫استھزاء‬Ridicule ‫يھزأ‬/‫يحقر‬ Ridiculousness ‫سخف‬ Ridiculous ‫سخيف‬ ‫يتقاعد‬/‫يعتزل‬/‫المعاش‬ ‫الي‬ ‫يحال‬Retire Retirement ‫تقاعد‬/‫اعتزال‬ Retired ‫متقاعد‬ Representation ‫تمثيل‬Represent ‫يمثل‬/‫عن‬ ‫ينوب‬ representative ‫ممثل‬/‫نائب‬ Representative ‫تمثيلي‬
26. Secondary Two27 Expressions argue about ‫بشأن‬ ‫يجادل‬ find out about ‫عن‬ ‫يعرف‬ argue for ‫عن‬ ‫يدافع‬ frightened of ‫من‬ ‫خائف‬ at that time ‫الوقت‬ ‫ذلك‬ ‫في‬ laugh at ‫من‬ ‫يسخر‬ available for ‫لـ‬ ‫متوافر‬ on the island ‫الجزيرة‬ ‫علي‬ commentary on ‫علي‬ ‫تعليق‬ opinion on/about ‫رأي‬ connect to ‫بـ‬ ‫يوصل‬ pleased with ‫من‬ ‫مسرور‬ consist of ‫من‬ ‫يتكون‬ speak for ‫ي‬‫عن‬ ‫بالنيابة‬ ‫تحدث‬ different from ‫عن‬ ‫مختلف‬ stop … from ‫يمنع‬..‫من‬ fall to the ground ‫األرض‬ ‫علي‬ ‫يسقط‬ tie … to ‫يربط‬..‫بـ‬ favourite of ‫لدي‬ ‫مفضل‬ upset about ‫بشأن‬ ‫متضايق‬ ‫أو‬ ‫منزعج‬ fight against ‫ضد‬ ‫يقاتل‬ work in politics ‫بالسياسة‬ ‫يعمل‬ Important Vocabulary all over Egypt ‫مصر‬ ‫أنحاء‬ ‫كل‬ ‫في‬ make great progress ‫عظيما‬ ‫تقدما‬ ‫يحقق‬ carry out projects ‫مشروعـات‬ ‫ينفذ‬ national income ‫القومي‬ ‫الدخل‬ does its best ‫بوسعھا‬ ‫ما‬ ‫تبذل‬ raise the standard of living ‫مستوي‬ ‫يرفع‬‫المعيشة‬ great efforts ‫عظيمة‬ ‫جھود‬/‫كبيرة‬ ‫جھود‬ rights and duties ‫الواجبات‬ ‫و‬ ‫الحقوق‬ in all fields ‫المجاالت‬ ‫جميع‬ ‫في‬ supply and demand ‫الطلب‬ ‫و‬ ‫العرض‬ Words & antonyms ‫كلمات‬‫عكسھا‬ ‫و‬ asleep ‫نائم‬ awake ‫مستيقظ‬ complete ‫كامل‬ incomplete ‫كامل‬ ‫غير‬ giant ‫عمالق‬ dwarf ‫قز‬‫م‬ imaginative ‫التخيل‬ ‫علي‬ ‫قدرة‬ ‫لديه‬ unimaginative ‫التخيل‬ ‫لي‬ ‫قادر‬ ‫غير‬ meaningful ‫مغزي‬ ‫له‬/‫مھم‬ meaningless ‫مفيد‬ ‫غير‬/‫مغزي‬ ‫بال‬ wide ‫واسع‬ narrow ‫ضيق‬ Definitions commentary - written opinions about and descriptions of a subject ‫تعليق‬ diplomat - a person who is employed by a government to live in another country and to speak for the government ‫دبلوماسي‬ ‫شخص‬ explanation - the reason why something happens ‫تفسير‬/‫مبرر‬ giant - a very big person ‫عمالق‬ imaginative - containing new and interesting ideas ‫مبدع‬/‫الخيال‬ ‫واسع‬ neighbouring - near the place you are talking about ‫مجاور‬/‫قريب‬ politician - a person who works in politics ‫بالسياسة‬ ‫يعمل‬ ‫شخص‬ publish - print and make available for people to buy ‫ينشر‬/‫يطبع‬ rediculous - very silly ‫تافة‬/‫سخيف‬ steal - take something that does not belong to you ‫يسرق‬ tie -attach something with string or rope ‫يربط‬ voyage - a long journey on a ship ‫ﺑﺣرﻳﺔ‬ ‫رﺣﻠﺔ‬ Language Notes go for ( a hike ) ‫األقـدام‬ ‫علـى‬ ‫سيـرا‬ ‫طويلـة‬ ‫رحلـة‬ ‫فى‬ ‫يذھـب‬ - We sometimes go for hikes on the beach. Trip ‫قصيـرة‬ ‫رحلـة‬ - He went on a business trip to London. picnic ‫خلويـه‬ ‫نزھـه‬ -They had a picnic on the river.
27. Secondary Two28 Journey ‫طويلـة‬ ‫رحلـة‬ -The journey to New York lasted for a long time. Voyage ‫بحريـة‬ ‫رحلـة‬ - I went on a voyage on my uncle's yacht. Flight ‫جويـة‬ ‫رحلـة‬ -The flight from Cairo to Aswan takes nearly an hour . Tour ‫سياحيـة‬ ‫جـولة‬ -I took my friends on a tour around the village. Sleep ‫ي‬‫نام‬ - Babies always sleep longer than old people. Sleepy ‫ي‬‫ال‬ ‫غالبه‬‫ن‬‫بالنعاس‬ ‫يشعر‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫وم‬ - She felt sleepy while she was waiting for the film. Asleep ‫نائـــم‬ - He fell asleep on the chair. Fast asleep ‫النوم‬ ‫فى‬ ‫مستغرق‬ - He was fast asleep that he didn't hear the door bell. Sleeping ‫بالنوم‬ ‫خاص‬)‫العاقل‬ ‫لغير‬ ‫صفة‬( - We will travel on the four o'clock sleeping train . Sleeping ‫للعاقل‬ ‫صفة‬ ( ‫)نائم‬ - Sleeping babies sometimes smile nicely. do a Favour ‫م‬‫ع‬‫ـ‬‫روف‬/‫جمي‬‫ـ‬‫ل‬ - He did me a favour I will never forget. favourable ‫مؤي‬‫ـ‬‫د‬/‫مشج‬‫ـ‬‫ع‬/‫صال‬ ‫فى‬‫ـ‬‫ح‬ - The comments on his films are favourable. in favour of ‫مؤي‬‫ـ‬‫لـ‬ ‫د‬ - Some people are in favour of old cars. favoured at /(with) ‫موھوب‬‫بـ‬ - He is favoured at (with) squash. Favourite ‫مفض‬‫ـ‬‫ل‬-‫محب‬‫ـ‬‫وب‬ - What’s your favourite subject ? brain ( ‫المـخ‬)‫فيـه‬ ‫يتحكـم‬ ‫بالجسـم‬ ‫عضـو‬ -The brain controls all parts of the body. mind (‫مادي‬ ‫العقـل‬)‫التفكيـر‬ ‫علي‬ ‫القدرة‬..‫وجـود‬ ‫لـه‬ ‫ليـس‬ - I changed my mind and went for a walk. Mind ‫يمانــع‬/‫يبالي‬ - I don’t mind lending you my new camera. Memory ‫الذاكـرة‬ - My computer has 500GB hard disc memory Memories ‫ذكـريـات‬ - Our brains store past memories in two ways. Remind ‫يــذكر‬ُ - She reminds me of my sister. Remember ‫نفسـه‬ ‫تلقاء‬ ‫من‬ ‫يتـذكر‬ - I didn't remember to phone you. remembering ‫التذكر‬ - I'm good at remembering faces. agree to + inf. / n. ‫يوافق‬ - Mum agreed to buy me a jacket. agree with (someone ) ‫مع‬ ‫يتفق‬ - I don't agree with what you say. agree on ( something ) ‫شيء‬ ‫علي‬ ‫تتفق‬ - They agreed on the time of the trip. agree that + ( sentence ‫)جملة‬ - We all agreed that he is the criminal. accept ( invitation / apology / condolences / bribes…..etc. ‫يقب‬‫ــ‬‫ل‬)‫دعوة‬/‫اعتذار‬/‫تعازي‬/‫رشوة‬( -I accepted his invitation. -He was accused of accepting bribes. steal ‫شـئ‬ ‫يسـرق‬ - The thief stole my new mobile phone. rob ‫يس‬‫ـ‬‫مك‬ ‫رق‬‫ـ‬‫ان‬ - A gang robbed the jewellery shop at nearly two o'clock. Rob( somebody) of something ‫يسل‬‫ـ‬‫ش‬ ‫ب‬‫ـ‬‫م‬ ‫ئ‬‫ـ‬‫شخ‬ ‫ن‬‫ـ‬‫ص‬ -He robbed the woman of her handbag. win /‫يكسب‬)‫كأس‬/‫مبـاراة‬/‫إنتخـابات‬...( ‫يف‬‫ـ‬‫وز‬ - Egypt won the African Nations Cup seven times. beat ‫يھ‬‫ـ‬‫زم‬/‫على‬ ‫يتغـلب‬)‫فـريق‬ ‫أو‬ ‫شخـص‬...( - Egypt could beat Ghana in the final. gain ‫يكتسب‬-‫مفيد‬ ‫معنوى‬ ‫شىء‬ ‫على‬ ‫يحصل‬)‫خبـرة‬/‫معلـومات‬ ‫معـرفة‬/‫شھرة‬...( - I gained a lot of experience from my work with my uncle. ‫الوزن‬ ‫فى‬ ‫زيادة‬ ‫الى‬ ‫وتشيرايضا‬/‫السرعة‬/‫الكمية‬ -I gained a lot of weight during holiday. - The plane gained speed to take off . Earn ‫يكسب‬)‫رزق‬ ‫أو‬ ‫قوت‬(‫عمل‬ ‫مقابل‬ - He earned more money than he had expected. - I work hard to earn my living. belong to ‫يخص‬ -The red bike belongs to my brother. = My brother owns the red bike. -‫اآلتية‬ ‫الكلمات‬ ‫بين‬ ‫الفرق‬ ‫الحظ‬: death ‫الموت‬deadly ‫مميت‬/‫قاتل‬dead ‫ميت‬died ‫مات‬die ‫يموت‬ living ‫م‬‫عيشة‬lively ‫نشيط‬/‫بھيج‬life ‫حياة‬alive ‫قيد‬ ‫على‬‫الحياة‬live ‫الھواء‬ ‫على‬ stop +obj. ‫المفعول‬ + From +v. ing ‫من‬ ‫يمنع‬ - I try hard to stop Ali from driving so fast. promise to + ‫مصدر‬ ‫يعد‬)‫يوعد‬( -He promised me to drive slowly.
28. Secondary Two29 Give a ring = phone ‫تليفونيا‬ ‫يتصل‬ -She phoned me . = She gave me a ring. Other + ‫جمع‬ -You should respect other people - another+‫مفرد‬ - I need another cup of tea. Listen to ‫بانتباه‬ ‫يصغي‬ ‫أو‬ ‫يستمع‬ -He listened to the news on the radio. Hear ‫قصد‬ ‫بدون‬ ‫يسمع‬ - I didn't hear of(about)you for ages. -She heard some noise outside. Hear of / about‫شخص‬ ‫أو‬ ‫شيء‬ ‫عن‬ ‫يسمع‬ - I have never heard of this actor before. hear from ‫من‬ ‫أخبارا‬ ‫يتلقي‬)‫مكالمة‬ ‫أو‬ ‫رسالة‬ ‫أو‬ ‫خطاب‬( - Did you hear from your uncle? -‫الجر‬ ‫حرف‬ ‫بعد‬ ‫االسم‬ ‫استخدام‬ ‫الحظ‬in‫الصفة‬ ‫نستخدم‬ ‫جر‬ ‫حرف‬ ‫وجود‬ ‫عدم‬ ‫حالة‬ ‫وفي‬: - 3 metres in height = 3 metres high -The wall is three metres in height. = - The wall is three metres high. - 8 inches in length =8 inches long - The edge is sixteen inches in length. = - The edge is sixteen inches long. - 6 centimetres in depth =6 centimetres deep - The tank is fifty centimeters in depth. = - The tank is fifty centimeters deep. - None + ‫جمع‬ ‫فعل‬ -Although I have lots of friends, none were able to help me. -‫استخدام‬ ‫الحظ‬take‫يستغرق‬ ‫بمعني‬ ‫للزمن‬- -It took him four hours to fix the car . -‫استخدام‬ ‫الحظ‬whose‫الملكية‬ ‫عن‬ ‫للسؤال‬ -Whose pen is that? = Who does that pen belong to? - as + adj. ‫صفة‬ + as = the same + n. ‫اسم‬ + as - as big as = the same size as - as old as = the same age as - as long as = the same length as - as strong as = the same strength as - What + n. ‫اسم‬ = - How + adj. ‫صفة‬ - How far …? = What distance …? - How old …? = What age…? - How tall…? = What height…? - How long…? = What length…? - How high…? = What height…? - How big / small...? = What size...? -‫الكتب‬ ‫أسماء‬ ‫بعد‬ ‫مفرد‬ ‫فعل‬ ‫استخدام‬ ‫الحظ‬‫اوالنظم‬‫الجمع‬ ‫علي‬ ‫يدل‬ ‫االسم‬ ‫كان‬ ‫لو‬ ‫حتي‬: - Gulliver's Travels is an important novel. – Windows is a computer operating system. foreigner ‫أجنبـى‬)‫أخـرى‬ ‫دولة‬ ‫من‬ ‫شخـص‬( - He isn't from Egypt, he is a foreigner. stranger ‫غريـب‬)‫أعرفـه‬ ‫ال‬ ‫شخـص‬( - He must be a stranger. He asked me where the hotel is. Communication Skills Requesting Request Response - Could (Can) you + inf.….. , please? - May / Could / Can I + inf. …… , please? - Would you + inf. ……., please? - I’d be grateful if you could+ inf. …… - I wonder if you could+ inf. …… - I’d like……………, please. Agreeing: - Yes, of course. / Certainly. - It’s a pleasure. / With pleasure. Refusing: - I’m sorry. / I’m afraid I can’t. - Would (Do) you mind + v. + ing……? - Do you mind if I + inf. …….? - Would you mind if I + ‫بسيط‬ ‫.ماضي‬ …….? Agreeing: - No, not at all. / No, of course not. Refusing: - Yes, I would (do). (



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